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Taiwan military officials confirmed that Taiwan Province wants to buy the ＂strongest tank on the surface＂ from the United States.

　CCTV News:A few days ago, the news that the Taiwan military will buy M1A2 tanks from the United States, which is known as the "strongest chariot on the surface", has aroused concern from all walks of life on the island. Some experts believe that the political significance of purchasing tanks is far greater than the military significance. Then, US arms sales to Taiwan are not good for cross-strait relations and Sino-US relations. Why does Taiwan Province insist on buying from the US military? What impact will this have on the situation in the Taiwan Strait?

　　[News background]

　　Taiwan Province’s China Times reported that Taiwan’s military officials confirmed that Taiwan’s defense agencies will formally budget about NT$ 30 billion next year and purchase about 100 M1A2 tanks from the United States, which Tsai Ing-Wen is quite supportive of. M1A2 tank is called "the strongest chariot on the surface" and weighs about 70 tons, which is 20 tons heavier than the active "Brave Tiger" tank of Taiwan Army. The head of Taiwan Province’s defense department said that this tank will be the key force for the Taiwan military to "win the battle on the seashore and wipe out the enemy". Holding a tank that can block the armored spearhead of the People’s Liberation Army will not only boost the morale of officers and men, but also provide the people in Taiwan Province with a certain degree of psychological guarantee of "promising resistance". However, some experts said that Taiwan Province’s purchase of tanks is more about paying protection fees to the United States, and its political significance is greater than its military significance. For the so-called "defending Taiwan Province against reunification", it will not play much role.

　　Taiwan Province wants to buy the "strongest surface" tank from the United States.

　 Image source network

Image source network: Professor Qiu Yi of China Culture University

　　Qiu Yi, a professor at China Culture University.M1A2 tank has a brand-new and most advanced battlefield management system and an inter-vehicle information system. It is equipped with brand-new defense armor and electronic equipment, so it is called the strongest digital tank in active service of the US military. Taiwan Province used to want to buy this type of tank, but the United States thinks that this type of tank can’t be maneuvered at all on terrain like Taiwan Province. Now Tsai Ing-Wen relies heavily on Yan Defa, the head of Taiwan Province’s defense department. He is an armored soldier, and now he wants to restart the stove and ask the United States. This time, the United States tends to agree. Recently, relevant reports from the CIA in Sweden and the United States mentioned some weaknesses of M1A2 tanks, and even mentioned that the mainland 99A main battle tank, which followed closely, could penetrate the protective armor of M1A2 tanks after firing armor-piercing projectiles. It shows that it is not as strong as it is boasted at present. More importantly, M1A2 tanks are mainly used in the Gulf campaign, which is suitable for large-scale grassland or desert operations. The terrain of Taiwan Province makes M1A2 tanks useless, and even becomes a fixed battery and becomes the target of the other side because of inconvenient movement. "

　　No matter whether it is suitable or not, the Taiwan Province authorities have compiled a budget. How long will it take from the budget estimation to the successful purchase from the United States and the transportation of tanks to Taiwan Province to equip the Taiwan military to form a combat force? Even if these tanks are really equipped inside the Taiwan military, how big is the improvement of combat power? In particular, how much can land defense help?

　　Yu Qiang, Associate Professor, School of International Relations: "In terms of time, if the budget is prepared now, it should be paid to the US from 2019. Americans will definitely not see rabbits and not scatter eagles. The question is when the US will hand over tanks to Taiwan Province, depending on what tanks the US will give to Taiwan Province. If the US gives Taiwan Province refurbished old tanks, the delivery speed will be faster. If it is newly built by the US, will the US agree that if it takes a very long time to build, tanks equipped to the Taiwan military will enhance their combat effectiveness? Because, Taiwan’s active tanks are too old, a CM11‘ Yonghu ’ The type tank equipped in 1990 has been ‘ 28 years old ’ . Another M60A3 tank was equipped in 1995. This tank was retired after the Gulf War in the United States. It was sold to Taiwan Province after being refurbished, and its service life has been ‘ More than 30 years old ’ Yes. In 2016, a tank of the Taiwan Province military fell into the river when crossing the bridge, and three soldiers were killed. "

　　Even if it is bought back, it may not work. Even if it can satisfy Tsai Ing-Wen’s vanity, why does she insist on buying it? Some commentators believe that this is actually the opportunity for Tsai Ing-Wen authorities to pay protection fees to the United States to seek help and support from the United States. Can American military equipment really protect the safety of Taiwan Province people?

　　Qiu Yi, a professor at China Culture University.Many people and opponents in Taiwan Province believe that Taiwan Province is in a difficult financial situation and is heavily in debt, so the money should be used where it should be. Tsai Ing-Wen authorities don’t think so. Cai authorities have to rely on the so-called strengthening of US-Taiwan relations to decorate the facade to boost the support rate. The United States knows Taiwan Province’s mentality, so it can blackmail as much as it can. When something happens in Taiwan Province, 100% of the United States will not help defend Taiwan Province, and the United States just pays lip service to it. The United States regards Taiwan Province as a big head, as a chip and pawn that can be discarded at any time, and as a pawn and watchdog of others. Tsai Ing-Wen wants to resist reunification and go ‘ Taiwan independence ’ The route is still determined to go to this dead end. "

　　Whether Tsai Ing-Wen buys tanks or other weapons and equipment from the United States, it is futile to refuse reunification by force. Moreover, the more such protection fees are paid, it will not only aggravate the tension between the two sides of the strait, but also arouse the dissatisfaction of the people on the island.

Known as the cheapest electric car, Pentium pony has added an entry-level version, which costs 24,900 yuan. Do you want to buy it？

"Hao Car Attacks" original new car:On August 1st, 2024, FAW added a brand-new model of "Cute Horse" with an official guide price of only 24,900 yuan. The new car is not only a brand-new entry-level model of Pentium Pony, but also a new low starting price of new energy vehicles, even from the perspective of cost performance, which can be regarded as a replacement product of "scooter for the elderly". At the same time, according to the official disclosure, you can still enjoy multiple luxuries when buying a car, including exemption from purchase tax, financial discount on 1000 yuan, giving away compulsory insurance, and renewing the car at a guaranteed price, etc. In addition, there are four lifelong rights and interests worth 6,000 yuan (vehicle lifetime warranty/three-power lifetime warranty/lifetime road rescue and lifetime renewal fund). So what are the highlights of the new car?

Pentium Pony is not only the first model named by numbers in Pentium brand, but also quite different from family-style design styles such as T90 or B70 of Pentium. The rounded headlights are matched with the contrasting body, creating a "kawaii" feeling. At the same time, in order to capture the personalized needs of consumers, the new car also launched a Pentium Pony Gamer Edition or even a convertible version based on the retro style of spliced Ding Mao, including the details of the roof trunk, the integrated spoiler tail and the racing seat. Customized, and the high-profile models are also equipped with LED light sources. In addition, the new car is divided into six body colors to choose from, except Jasmine White. The cost of the selection is 388 yuan (bubble blue/camellia green/peach powder) and 888 yuan (indigo blue/cheese white), which Hao Ge thinks is not expensive.

In terms of interior, the Pentium pony can be described as simple but not simple. Although the price is less than 25,000, it has all the basic functions such as suspended instrument, air conditioning control area, radio and integrated cruise control. The key layout similar to the game console handle style is also particularly fashionable and personalized. It is worth mentioning that the newly added entry-level version of "Cute Horse" is still equipped with common configurations such as air conditioning, airbags, main driver’s cosmetic mirror, ramp assistance and the proportion of rear seats. Compared with the second-lowest cute horse, the only thing missing is the remote control of car Bluetooth and mobile APP, which is why it can be cheaper by 2,000 yuan.

In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the new car are 3000/1510/1630mm, and the wheelbase is 1953mm, which is the same as that of MINI EV (length, width, height and wheelbase are 3064/1493/1629/2010mm, respectively). As a miniature electric vehicle, space performance is naturally not a strong point, but the support ratio of rear seats can still further meet the emergency needs. After all, more convenient parking and narrow road driving ability are the biggest selling points of Pentium pony.

In terms of power, the new car offers two kinds of battery life, 122 km and 170 km. After adding the "cute horse", it happens to have two configurations to choose from. The maximum power of motors is 20 kW (27 HP); 85 nm. The battery is Ferrous lithium phosphate, which only supports slow charging. The 122km version is fully charged in about 5.2 hours, and the 170km version is fully charged in about 6.5 hours. The slow charging port is located at the front logo, with a glass water filling port beside it, and the gear shifting mechanism is knob type.

Summary of "Hao Car Attacks":As we all know, the main competitors of Pentium Pony will be locked into micro electric vehicles such as Wuling Hongguang MINI EV and Geely Panda. Compared with 300,000 ~ 400,000 "luxury" new energy sources in the market, micro-electric vehicles such as Pentium Pony seem to be a clean stream, and at the same time, it is doomed that the most important thing for its audience is high cost performance. The starting price of 24,900 yuan should be the cheapest pure electric vehicle on the market at present, so who would you choose? Thank you for your attention to "Hao Car Attacks".

Interview ｜ After 90, he shot the acting peak of the Golden Rooster Award for Best Actress.

The pilot poster was created by Luo Xi, who graduated from Russian Repin Academy of Fine Arts, and director Li Xu.

Special feature of 1905 film network Li Xu, a teacher of Beijing Film Academy and post-90s director, directed his first feature film Sunflower in the Evening.

Screenwriters Liu Yibing and production designer, photography director Jin Guirong, modeling director, editing director, sound director Liu Xiaofei, composer Guo Haowei, etc. These names may be a little strange to ordinary movie audiences, but as long as you know a little about the history of contemporary movies in China, you must understand the heaviness of such a lineup.

The heroine of the film is the best actress who won both the Golden Rooster Award and the China Watch Award. These names are put together, and it is not an exaggeration to describe them as "palace level".Open the resumes of the masters, including a large number of classic works such as Latency.

What kind of movie will Sunflower in the Evening be when the post-90s new director meets the Golden Rooster and China Watch double-prize winner and the academic lineup?The film was previously shown as a special recommendation for the opening of the "Southern China (Zhuhai) Film Week" of the 30th University Student Film Festival of Beijing International Film Festival, and it is planned to be shown nationwide this year.

Director Li Xu once mentioned that as a movie fan, he was immersed in the film world of alexandro jodorowsky and other directors, and he also knew a lot about this kind of works.

What kind of style will it be when he picks up the guide tube and makes a movie himself? In 1905, the film network interviewed Li Xu, the director, and unveiled the mystery of Sunflower in the Evening in advance.

Director Li Xu.

A movie without a "story"

What kind of story will happen to a woman who has to face illness and death?Sunflower in the Evening tells the story of Xu Manfang, an urban woman, who decided to give up treatment and return to the place where she was young after suffering from a terminal illness, where she made new friends and regained memories of youth, and spent the last part of her life.

Li Xu, the director, said frankly that he wanted to think about life philosophy issues about life and death. "When knowing that life is about to press the stop button, Xu Manfang’s mood is different from ours, and her inner confusion and fear are very strange. This strangeness provides a different perspective for the film in terms of technique and form."

"I want to write a movie without any external plot conflict", Li Xu insisted on making an inward exploration work. During the script creation stage, he deduced many versions, but he was never satisfied. Finally, with the help of teacher Liu Yibing, the story content has both an abstract core and a concrete mystery.

The first draft of the script was originally named "Weird Woman", but Li Xu felt too straightforward. At that time, he happened to turn to a song list he had created before, called "Sunflower in the Evening", which was just in line with the temperament that the film wanted to pursue — — Sunflowers in the evening are still born in the sun, and there is a great romantic optimism.

Li Xu said, "This film will provide the audience with infinite possibilities of reading. It is a summoning structure, that is, it gives you a bowl, and you put all your life experiences and experiences into it to turn it into a complete and full work. It means that we have done a comma, and the final period should be given to the audience. "

Renhua Na: This may be my acting peak.

Renhua Na, the heroine, said to Li Xu after watching the film, "This may be the peak of my acting in my life.". This heartfelt feeling is a great affirmation for Li Xu.

Before the cooperation, Renhua Na had other new film invitations in the same period. It was the script of Sunflower in the Evening and the experimental and exploratory shooting techniques that attracted her to choose to star in this film. After filming, Renhua Na told Li Xu that her name means "sunflower" in Mongolian, and she was destined to have a deep fate with this film.

Renhua Na starred in Sunflower in the Evening.

Renhua Na’s acting skills have always been well-known. She has been nominated for the "Three Golden Awards" in China films for films such as "The Rustling of the Hunan Daughter", and won the Golden Rooster Award for Best Actress and the Chinese Film China Watch Award for Excellent Actress for her "Eji".

Renhua Na is very good at portraying people who are calm in appearance and complicated in heart, and Xu Manfang is also such a role. During the filming process, Li Xu hoped that Renhua Na could follow Xu Manfang into the mountain village alone, and in the process of life, he showed a state from not having a "soul" to gradually forming a "soul", so as to shape the whole role.

"Her performance is extremely flexible, with a particularly calm side and a particularly strong impact." Li Xu thinks that Renhua Na’s performance is completely beyond his original imagination, which endows the role with greater charm.

Professor-level academic school behind-the-scenes big coffee to create

"It is both lucky and difficult to connect this film with so many big coffees." During the creation, Li Xu fully felt the aesthetic height and instinct of the senior behind-the-scenes predecessors of the academic school, and their innovative designs and ideas made the film have a more advanced audio-visual aesthetics.

Juiping Cao, a professor from production designer and China Communication University, has cooperated with the director for many times and participated in the art work of classic works such as Hanging the Red Lantern High, story of qiu ju and My Father and Mother.

At an expert seminar on the film Sunflower in the Evening held not long ago, Mr. Juiping Cao once told reporters that he and Director Li Xu had found the artistic tone for the whole film by referring to the painting style of Danish painter Wilhelm Hammerhuy.

Li Xu University majored in film and television and photography, and now teaches the basic course of photography modeling at Beijing Film Academy. This film also reflects his thinking of telling stories with images.

Together with Jin Guirong, director of photography and professor of Communication University of China, he decided to adopt the form of single-camera long lens shooting, striving for perfection in composition, mirror movement and light and shadow, and at the same time using visual modeling images such as sunflower, shadow play and mirror, trying to construct poetic image characteristics for the film.

Director Li Xu is at the shooting scene of the movie Sunflower in the Evening.

The post-editing work of the film is also a "hundred turns and thousands of times" honing process, and the editing of every plot content is repeatedly "turned over" in the mind of director Li Xu.

Li Xu and Zhou Xinxia, the editing director and professor of Beijing Film Academy, discussed many times and decided not to adopt the conventional editing method of causal logic, but to try their best to show the richness of film language in the editing details. It took more than a year to finish the editing work.

Sunflower in the Evening took four years to complete, and it is planned to meet the national audience during the year. From the first shot, director Li Xu intended to immerse the audience in a quiet atmosphere. He hoped that after the release, everyone would take a break from the noisy real world, tidy up their mood, slowly walk into the illusory world where reality and unreality are intertwined in the film, and carefully feel the mental journey of a woman facing herself on the screen.

Hu Manzhi created and shared with you the ＂messenger＂ of intercellular communication-cytokines.

The future of cytokine detection is bound to be a red sea. You should know about these clinical applications.

Foreword:

In our bodies, there is a mysterious and powerful system, which always protects us from external pathogens. This system is our immune system, which is composed of many immune cells, like a well-trained army, always ready to resist foreign enemies. In this army, there is a mysterious force playing a role silently, which is cytokine.

Overview of cytokines

Cytokines are a kind of small molecular protein with wide biological activity, which is synthesized and secreted by immune cells (such as monocytes, macrophages, T cells, B cells, NK cells, etc.) and some non-immune cells (such as endothelial cells, epidermal cells, fibroblasts, etc.), and is equivalent to the "messenger" of mutual communication among various cells in human body.

It has many biological functions, such as regulating cell growth, differentiation and maturation, maintaining function, regulating immune response, participating in inflammatory reaction, wound healing and tumor growth and decline.

At present, the detection of cytokines is widely used in infections, kidney diseases, autoimmune diseases, tumors and malignant hematological diseases, which has important clinical significance in the diagnosis of diseases, the judgment of treatment opportunity, the guidance of medication, the monitoring of curative effect, the early warning of cytokine storm risk and the improvement of patients’ treatment efficiency.

Classification and main functions of cytokines

According to their main functions, cytokines can be divided into the following categories: interleukin (ILs), colony stimulating factor (CSFs), interferon (IFNs), tumor necrosis factor (TNFs), growth factor (GFs) and chemokine (CK).

There are both pro-inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory factors. Pro-inflammatory factors usually regulate the growth, activation, differentiation and homing of immune cells to infected sites, aiming at controlling and eradicating intracellular pathogens (including viruses); Anti-inflammatory cytokines are a series of immunomodulatory molecules that control the response of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

In the development of infection, the interaction between pro-inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory factors runs through, which has a far-reaching impact on the development direction and outcome of infection.

Clinical application value of cytokines

1, early diagnosis of infection, conducive to disease monitoring.

Shortening the window period helps to realize early diagnosis and win valuable time for treatment; The half-life is short, which is convenient to monitor the efficacy in time and ensure the effectiveness and safety of treatment; Complement with PCT and CRP, improve the accuracy of diagnosis and provide strong support for precise treatment.

Note: In the Expert Consensus on Interpretation of Clinical Significance of Infection-related Biomarkers published in 2017, IL-6 has been regarded as one of the infection-related biomarkers.

2, help to determine the type of infection.

A study showed that IL-6 and IL-10 increased more than 10 times at the same time, suggesting G- bacteria infection; IL-6 increased by 2 times, and IL-10 increased by less than 10 times, suggesting G+ bacteria infection. According to the cytokine spectrum, the effective rate of identifying Gram bacteria to guide antibiotic treatment is close to that of broad-spectrum coverage group, up to 85%, while the effective rate of empirical treatment group is only 60%.

3. Early warning of cytokine storm

During the period of COVID-19, many critically ill patients suffered from uncontrolled release of cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ, which led to coagulation storm, thrombosis, myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism, leading to respiratory failure, organ failure and even death.

Although IL-6 is the key cytokine for everyone at present, it should not be the only one. Cytokines is a huge regulatory network, which is coordinated with each other, constantly changing dynamically and changing with the course of disease.

Therefore, it is suggested that patients at risk of cytokine storm should be jointly tested for cytokines during admission and hospitalization.

4. Assess the inflammation and immune status of the body.

Severe patients may have three inflammatory/immune states: SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome), CARS (Antagonistic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) and MARS (Mixed Antagonistic Response Syndrome).

When infection or other reasons lead to the imbalance of inflammatory response, if the levels of a large number of proinflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IFN-γ, IFN-α and TNF-α are greatly increased, there is a risk of systemic inflammatory response syndrome -SIRS, and the inflammatory response of the body is strong at this time, so it is recommended to give priority to anti-inflammatory treatment; If the endogenous anti-inflammatory reaction is too strong, the anti-inflammatory factors such as IL-4 and IL-10 will be greatly increased, which indicates the risk of CARS. At this time, the immune function of the body is weak, and it is suggested to strengthen the immune treatment. If both pro-inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory factors increase significantly, it suggests that the body is a mixed antagonistic response syndrome, suggesting that the body has a strong inflammatory response and low immune function, and it is suggested to carry out anti-inflammatory combined with immune enhancement therapy.

5. Cytokines and Tumor

Cytokines are the key proteins of signal transmission in tumor microenvironment (TME), which have pleiotropic effects. In terms of anti-tumor, interferon and TGF-β can directly inhibit the growth of tumor cells, while IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-12 and IL-15 can enhance the cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes or bone marrow cells, thus inhibiting cell growth; In promoting tumor, TGF-β, TNF, IL-1β, CXCL12, etc. can promote the survival and proliferation of tumor cells; TNF, IL-6, etc. can cause the disorder of cytokine regulation and promote the occurrence of tumor inflammation; IL-10, IL-4, TGF-β, etc. are immunosuppressed; TNF, IL-6 and various chemokines can also promote angiogenesis.

Studies have confirmed that IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12 are slightly increased, while IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ are significantly decreased, suggesting that there may be early tumor microenvironment progress. Early warning of the occurrence of adverse reaction cytokine release syndrome (CRS) caused by PD-1 therapy /CAR-T therapy.

6. Cytokines and Autoimmunity

Hemophagocytic syndrome (HLH):HLH may be caused by persistent antigen stimulation caused by autoimmune diseases or malignant tumors, with high mortality. IL-2R is one of the diagnostic criteria (from China Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Hemophagocytic Syndrome). In addition, the slight increase of IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-6 can also distinguish HLH from infection, which is helpful for the treatment of HLH patients.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): As a chronic autoimmune disease, SLE will affect many organ systems, including but not limited to skin, joints and kidneys. Cytokines in active SLE patients, including IL-8, IL-18, IL-6 and IFN-α, were significantly higher than those in inactive SLE patients. Especially, IL-6 and IL-8 showed better sensitivity and specificity than traditional C3, C4 and Anti-dsDNA.

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP): A large number of studies show that inflammatory cytokines in HSP patients are out of balance, mainly IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α. When the cutoff value of IL-6 is set to 7 pg/mL, the sensitivity and specificity can reach 78.0% and 80.5%. The change of IL-8 will be greater, which is 2-10 times of the baseline level of healthy people.

7, cytokines and asthma, allergic diseases and lung diseases.

Generally speaking, children’s allergic diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis are mainly mediated by humoral immunity (IgE-mediated type I allergy). IL-4 and IL-5 can promote the secretion of IgE antibodies, aggravate allergic diseases, monitor the levels of IL-4 and other proinflammatory factors, and evaluate the condition and efficacy.

In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α can promote the progress of airway inflammation such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pneumonia, and evaluate the changes of cytokine levels, so as to evaluate the disease progress and drug efficacy monitoring of the above diseases.

8. Cytokines and Reproductive Medicine

Studies have proved that Th1 cytokines are significantly increased and Th2 cytokines are decreased in patients with unexplained recurrent abortion. It has also been reported in the literature that the significant increase of IL-22 concentration may be related to unexplained recurrent abortion.

Advantages and disadvantages of mainstream detection methods for cytokine reagents

1, chemiluminescence method

Advantages: The method is mature and stable in technology, high in sensitivity and wide in linear range, and can efficiently complete single detection in a short time.

Disadvantages: it is impossible to carry out multi-project joint inspection and the sample demand is large, which makes it unable to cope with the large sample size test.

2. Flow fluorescence method

Advantages: As a relatively new detection method, flow fluorescence method stands out for its advantages of realizing multi-item joint inspection with small sample size, especially in large sample size testing, which saves time and cost.

Disadvantages: It may not be as sensitive as the light-emitting platform, and it is difficult to solve the interference problem that may be introduced in the process of multi-joint inspection, which affects the accuracy of its detection to some extent.

3. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Advantages: The method is mature and stable, with high sensitivity and good stability.

Disadvantages: the reaction time is relatively long, the linear range is narrow, and the detection efficiency is low, so it is more used in scientific research.

Market situation and current situation sharing of cytokine reagents

1. The domestic heat is higher than that of foreign countries.

Through investigation, we found that, for cytokine projects, except IL-6, foreign manufacturers are more respected, and almost no other manufacturers have obtained certificates in China or even CE. At present, only Siemens has obtained the registration certificates for six projects, namely IL-1β, IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α, in China, which is regarded as an early cytokine project company that entered the China market.

The joint inspection of cytokine combination project seems to be a unique project in China, and it is difficult for us to find similar packaged tests in other countries.

From the actual clinical point of view, COVID-19 and sepsis have confirmed the significance of IL-6 detection, and hemophagocytic syndrome has clarified the value of IL-2R detection. However, for other cytokine detection, although everyone is advocating the clinical significance of each index, there is no more recognized expert consensus to explain it. It can only be said that the market prospect is there, but more clinical practice is needed to confirm it.

At present, there are mainly two factions in the detection of cytokines in China, such as the magnetic particle light-emitting platform of Hot Scene Bio, which has obtained the registration certificates of 13 indicators, namely TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-2R, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and IL. At present, the flow fluorescence platform made by Hu Manzhi is generally combined with 12 items, namely TNF-α, IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70 and IL-11.

2. Although there are international standards for each project, the testing situation of each manufacturer is not uniform.

Due to the lack of foreign reagents, it seems difficult to maintain the consistency of test results except IL-6. Although almost every project has international standards, from the data of clinical tests, the test results of various manufacturers deviate seriously, and it is difficult to judge which manufacturer’s test value is more accurate. It may be inferred that the traceability chain of each manufacturer is not particularly strict.

We know that most cytokines can’t be stored stably at room temperature, so the general calibrators are in the form of freeze-drying, which may be due to the loss during freeze-drying, or the interference of composite quality control such as flow platform, or the matrix effect introduced in the dilution process of international standards, which makes the test results of reagents difficult to be unified and leads to confusion in clinical judgment.

Market prospect of cytokine detection reagents

Although we have mentioned the problem that various cytokines form a complex network of communication and restriction between cells, there is no disease-specific guidance for many indicators at present, and it is difficult to unify the test results among manufacturers, but on the other hand, it is a huge opportunity for reagent manufacturers. Why do you say that?

First of all, the broad indications of detection indicators mean that cytokine items can be detected in various departments, with a large volume; Moreover, there are not many manufacturers in this testing field, and compared with conventional testing items, the homogenization is not serious and the market prospect is relatively broad; Moreover, the difference in the test results of manufacturers will inevitably lead to the emergence of benchmark enterprises in this field, so many enterprises can establish their own brand image through this product; It is believed that with the further implementation of the consensus of experts in various fields and the gradual maturity of emerging technologies such as flow fluorescence and single molecule detection, cytokine detection will surely be a red sea.

Today’s sharing is here, I hope it will inspire you. (For more information about cytokine detection reagents, please search the official website of HUMAN Zhizhi and click to inquire.)

About Hu manzhizao

Beijing Human Zhizao Technology Co., Ltd. is a medical technology innovation company integrating R&D, production and sales. With years of experience in materials science, in vitro diagnosis technology and marketing, based on the core of multi-flow fluorescence technology, the company is committed to providing fully automatic multi-flow fluorescence detection platform and supporting reagents with competitive advantages for clinical customers, and has built a "new ecology" for ultra-high-speed immunodiagnosis, focusing on major immune diseases, intractable diseases and rare diseases.

Five practical skills of Huawei Pura70 are shared, and new users should try it quickly.

Huawei Pura70 series has been released for many days, and I believe many small partners have already touched it.

I’ve seen a lot of introductions of new functions and new hardware these days. I wonder if you pay attention to the changes in experience. Huawei Pura70 series is equipped with the latest HarmonyOS 4.2, and there are still many changes in details. For many new users, if you don’t study it in depth, you may regret missing it. Then take stock of a few more interesting functions, take a new machine in hand, or plan to start a new machine, you can take a look.

1. "Shake" to intercept jump advertisements

I don’t know which product manager invented the "shake" jump advertisement, but I guess his performance must be very good.

In any case, it is necessary for the mobile phone to stop the "shake" advertisement. After all, it is really useful.

I am deeply touched by this point. During the Double Eleven last year, I still used it. It didn’t have the advertisement interception function. As a result, some apps were opened at one point, and the first thing I jumped to was the shopping platform, which was annoying. It was changed at the beginning of the year. Starting from the latest surge, this mobile phone supports "getting device movements and directions" on and off, and the experience has also been qualitatively improved.

With the release of Huawei Pura70 series, Huawei users can also set the "Application acquisition device direction" for the app in this mobile phone. Personally, this function is not bad, and new users can turn it on or off as needed. Of course, if it is set to prohibit, in addition to shaking the advertisement jump, the game control and automatic screen flipping may also be affected, which needs attention.

2, photo AI elimination

With the explosion of the concept of "AI big model", some useful AIGC functions have been widely used, such as image elimination.

At present, mainstream flagship mobile phones such as Huawei, Glory, OPPO, vivo and Xiaomi all support the AI ? ? picture elimination function, and their performance is naturally mixed.

The image elimination function of Huawei Pura70 series is good in some scenes, and the overall evaluation can be given to the upper-middle. I believe it will be better with the optimization of subsequent systems and the improvement of large model capabilities.

3. Smart screen recognition

Smart screen recognition is a super easy-to-use function, but 99% of consumers actually don’t care.

For example, if you want to recognize the words on the picture, cut out some words, logos or photos, or translate between Chinese and English, compare prices of goods, etc., in the past, you needed a three-party App, or manually search for some more complicated menu operations. If you use smart screen to operate, it will be very convenient and fast.

On Huawei Pura70 series, users only need to hold down the screen with two fingers at the same time, which can trigger the intelligent screen recognition function, which can be carried out in any interface, including the operation of coding chat records with one button.

4. Artistic protagonist

The artistic protagonist is a custom theme function, and users can set their own photos as themes. The difference is that this function supports powerful customization. When you set a photo, the system will automatically matting the portrait, and users can also adjust the image at will.

In addition, the artistic protagonist has a wealth of texture styles and colors to choose from to meet the personalized needs.

5. Interactive theme

It also belongs to the category of theme customization. Unlike traditional static themes or dynamic themes, Huawei Pura70 series provides several themes that can interact with users. In addition to supporting sticker customization, it can also interact with users. For example, when users light up the screen, the wallpaper will move, and when the screen is turned off, the wallpaper will also move; Every time you slide into the desktop, the sticker will show a different animation form. Even when you click on the sticker with your finger, it will respond accordingly, which not only fills up the visual effect, but also makes every operation more interesting.

That’s all about the sharing of new functions of Huawei Pura70 series. Don’t forget to give it a try for new users. They are all very interesting and practical functions, which I believe will bring you a different experience.

Don’t buy the ＂back from the dead＂ flowers that are screened by friends!

　　Cctv newsRecently, in the circle of friends and the homepages of various social media, many people are drying a flower that can bring life back to life.

　　A dead branch without roots.

　　Soak it in water for a few days and it will bloom again.

　　This kind of dry branch is called "Rhododendron in Daxinganling"

　　Is it really that amazing?

　　The flowers that came back to life in the circle of friends were warned to destroy the ecological environment.

　　The WeChat circle of friends of Ms. Liu, a native of Hangzhou, was screened by this magical "dead wood in spring": "Many people are taking pictures. I also bought one to 20 yuan, which is much cheaper than the flowers in the flower shop. "

　　After receiving the dead branch, Ms. Liu put it in the water. In less than two weeks, the branch bloomed with pink and purple flowers, which had a literary beauty. In another week, the flowers have fallen, and young leaves are beginning to come out from the branches, which is a different scenery.

　　She exposed this moment of witnessing "miracle" to a circle of friends, but received a dissuasion message from a friend: "Don’t buy this again! This dead branch is broken from wild rhododendron, which will destroy the ecological environment! "

　　She is not the only one who received dissuasion messages in the circle of friends. Weibo netizen "Xicheng Green" also said that he was told not to buy this kind of flowers after drying them in a circle of friends.

　　Is this true or not? Will it really damage the environment to buy azaleas and raise them at home?

　　A bunch of online shops in 20 yuan sell wild rhododendrons.

　　The reporter browsed a shopping website, and the pictures below the keywords "Rhododendron hydroponics, dry branches, soaked flowers, dry wood and dead trees meet spring flowers" are all Rhododendron flowers in Xing ‘an, and the store specially added the words "artificial cultivation" and "home planting". Only a few stores still write "dry branches of rhododendron in Xing ‘an" in the product description.

　　But the commodity maps are all similar, with pink and purple flowers on the dead branches. People who know a little about flowers can recognize this as azaleas at a glance.

　　According to the commodity details of these azaleas, dead branches can bloom in about 7-10 days after being inserted in water and changed once every 3-4 days. If you don’t want it to open for a while, just put the dead branches in the refrigerator for preservation.

　　Some stores focus on "wild", and in the product details, they have exposed many photos of flowers and trees in the snowy mountains, as if to prove to buyers that these branches were indeed picked from the mountains.

　　According to the customer service of an online shop, these dead branches were imported from the local flower and bird market. People in the market told them that it was wild in the mountains of Daxinganling. As for whether it was true or not, the seller was not sure himself.

　　Among these shops selling dead branches, the one with the highest sales volume sells 7,787 orders a month, and the price is 40 sticks in a bunch of 23 yuan. The more you buy, the lower the unit price. In this way, the number of dead branches to be sold every month is not a small number.

　　Flowers can bring back the dead? It’s not that amazing!

　　Why do dead branches that look lifeless bloom quickly when inserted in water? Experts say that these dead branches are actually not dead at all, just "hibernating"!

　　This kind of rhododendron, which grows in Daxing ‘anling and Xiaoxing ‘anling areas, is scientifically called Rhododendron Xing ‘an, also known as Tartar Fragrant, and is the city flower of Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province. It belongs to semi-green shrub, leaves fall and sleep in winter, waiting for the next spring to bloom again. In the dormant period, the branches are broken down, inserted into the water, and then placed in a warm room. The temperature and moisture have reached the conditions for flowering, and the buds on the dead branches naturally bloom.

　　This "magical" process can be done not only by cuckoo, but also by branches such as peach blossom and winter jasmine. Therefore, the so-called "coming back to life" is not a "miracle", but just a gimmick of the merchants.

　　Expert: wanton logging will destroy the ecological balance.

　　However, because of the "magic" stunt, Rhododendron Xing ‘an has been cut down a lot.

　　In fact, in 2017, Huzhong District, Daxing ‘anling, Heilongjiang Province issued the Notice on Prohibiting the Collection and Sale of Rhododendron Xing ‘an, because the growth of wild Rhododendron Xing ‘an is slow, only 10 cm long a year, and the rampant deforestation has seriously affected the ecological environment.

　　 According to experts, the natural environment is a house with balanced distribution. If a large number of azaleas are cut, its ability to absorb sunlight and water will be weakened. This energy will be taken up by other plants, and the cuckoo will only become weaker and weaker.

　　In addition, as a woody plant, Rhododendron itself grows slowly, and it takes 5-6 years from sowing to first flowering; If it grows into a branch that can be broken by dozens of centimeters, it is at least twenty or thirty years old. If you want to make it grow back, it will not be so fast.

　　Appeal: Don’t pick and buy wild plants.

　　Although the local government has taken measures, rhododendrons in Xing ‘an will still be cut and sold in winter.

　　Beauty should not be at the expense of injury. I appeal to everyone: don’t buy rhododendron in Xing ‘an, and don’t pick wild plants at will. Let these plants live in their original homes!

　　Source: Sichuan Daily WeChat WeChat official account

Press conference of the State Council Office： Natural resources help build a well-off society in an all-round way

　　Cctv news(News broadcast): The State Council Office held a press conference today (October 29th), and the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Natural Resources introduced the positive contribution made by the field of natural resources to building a well-off society in an all-round way.

　　According to the Ministry of Natural Resources, cultivated land is the lifeblood of grain production. According to the results of the third national land survey, we have kept the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land protection set by the state and completed the task of 1.865 billion mu of cultivated land in 2020 set by the state plan.

　　At the same time, China’s geological survey has also made great progress. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, eight 100 million-ton oil fields, five 100 billion cubic meters of natural gas fields, five 100 billion cubic meters of shale gas fields and 311 large and medium-sized mineral fields were newly discovered. The Ministry of Natural Resources also said that in the past 10 years, China has made great achievements in ecological protection and construction, with a total net increase of 260 million mu in woodland, grassland, wetland, river surface and lakes with strong ecological functions. China has also issued institutional documents such as coastal wetland protection, grassland protection and restoration, and wetland protection and restoration, initially forming a new pattern of ecological restoration.

People’s Forum Online Comment ｜ Strive to be a good youth in the new era on the track of realizing national rejuvenation

　　Youth is the most active and dynamic force in the whole social force, the hope of the country lies in youth, and the future of the nation lies in youth. At the celebration of the centenary of the founding of the Communist Youth League of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the Communist Youth League should "unite and lead the youth of its members to grow into good young people with ideals, courage to take responsibility, endurance and willingness to struggle". This is not only the ardent expectation of the party and the country for the future development of the vast number of young people, but also the unshakable common goal of young people in the new era in the process of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　Ideal is the spiritual pillar of good youth in the new era.Ideals and beliefs are the foundation of spirit and the source of strength. Only by establishing lofty ideals and strengthening their ideals and beliefs can young people in the new era move forward bravely in the right direction on the road of youth. Ideals are divided into personal ideals and common ideals. Every youth is an independent individual, and it is common that there are differences in personal ideals such as career choice and life goals. At the same time, they are in the social reality relationship, which requires that personal ideals be closely linked with the common ideals of the country and the nation and make due contributions to the cause of the party and the country. First, we must strengthen our Marxist faith. Marxism is a powerful ideological weapon to guide China’s continuous success. Young people in the new era should learn Marxist theory, master Marxist research methods and consciously use Marxism to guide practice. The second is to strengthen the lofty ideal of communism. Realizing communism is the highest ideal and ultimate goal of communist party people, and it is a long development process, which needs the relay of generations of young people. Third, we should strengthen Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s common ideal, build a socialist modern country on the basis of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and believe that the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will be realized. Young people’s lofty ideals and firm beliefs are the invincible driving force for a country and a nation. In the course of a hundred years, the majority of youth league members and party member can "hide their eyes from the clouds" and maintain their resilience of "being tough after thousands of blows". In the final analysis, it lies in the strong support of ideals and beliefs. Nothing can be achieved in the world without a will.Young people in the new era should be ambitious, build a solid foundation of ideals and beliefs, integrate their personal "ego" into the "ego" of the motherland, unite their powerful forces with firm ideals, and strive to open up a new journey of national rejuvenation.

　　Dare to take responsibility is the historical mission of good young people in the new era.A generation has a long March, and a generation has the responsibility of a generation. During the period of the new-democratic revolution, young people started their ideological awakening and fought for national independence and people’s liberation without hesitation; During the period of socialist revolution and construction, young people actively participated in social changes and did not hesitate to devote themselves to the great cause of building the motherland; In the new period of reform, opening up and socialist modernization, young people dare to venture and do things, and they are desperate to run on the wave of innovation and reform; Young people in the new era in Socialism with Chinese characteristics consciously shoulder the historical responsibility and strive to realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. History and the times have entrusted the vast number of young people with different responsibilities and missions. Based on the new era and new journey, the goal and direction of China youth can be summed up in one point, that is, unswervingly listening to and following the Party, and striving to grow into a new person of the times who can shoulder the heavy responsibility of national rejuvenation. Young people in the new era should not only dare to take responsibility, but also be able to take responsibility. On the one hand, they should practice excellent skills, arm their minds with rich theories, exercise their abilities in practice and demonstrate their solid talents. On the other hand, we should maintain a healthy body, which is the capital of the revolution. We should civilize its spirit and savage its body, so as to provide continuous strength for realizing great dreams. Today’s world is in a great change that has never happened in a hundred years, and China is also in a critical period to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. As the main force of China’s development, young people are faced with the mission of the times that "the sky will drop to the people of Sri Lanka". They are in the forefront of the fight against the epidemic, setting a new historical record in the Winter Olympics, showing China’s charm on the world stage and vividly interpreting "Please rest assured that the party and the country have me. China’s young people live in prosperous times and shoulder heavy responsibilities. Only when they are ambitious, wise, talented and responsible can they live up to their youth, the times and the people.

　　Being able to bear hardships is the tough character of good young people in the new era.Difficulties and hardships, jade is successful. Today’s beautiful life is the result of countless ancestors’ arduous and long-term struggles. During the 25,000-mile long March, they climbed snow-capped mountains and crossed grasslands. During the 14-year Anti-Japanese War, they risked their lives and were not afraid of strong enemies. In the early days of the founding of New China, they kept their feet on the ground and worked hard … … Gradually formed the spirit of China, such as the spirit of the Long March, the spirit of Hongqiqu, the spirit of "two bombs and one satellite" and the spirit of manned space flight. Contemporary young people should deeply understand and inherit the fine traditions and precious qualities of being able to endure hardships, because hardships can temper a person’s will. Compared with the past, young people in the new era have superior material conditions and living environment, which is an important period of life development. If they choose to suffer, they choose to gain. First of all, to be able to suffer from learning, we should not passively accept book knowledge, but be good at independent innovation learning, enrich theoretical knowledge, enhance core literacy, and bravely climb scientific peaks. Secondly, we should be able to suffer from practice, go to places where countries need it, such as the grass-roots front line, measure the land of the motherland with our feet, discover the spirit of China with our eyes, listen to people’s voices with our ears, and feel the pulse of the times with our hearts. Finally, we should learn to "ask for it". Being content with the status quo is the greatest danger in life. Young people should show the courage to start all over again and consciously take "suffering" as a lofty value pursuit. "The sword front comes from sharpening, and the plum blossom fragrance comes from bitter cold."Dare to endure hardship, be willing to endure hardship and be good at it are compulsory courses for young people to grow up, and also necessary ways to hone their will and cultivate their feelings in national rejuvenation.

　　Willing to struggle is the action of good young people in the new era.Struggle has always been the action guide of the Chinese nation and the youth in China. From "we must make comrades continue to struggle hard" to "we must make up our minds to struggle for a long time", and then to "happiness comes from struggle" and "struggle itself is a kind of happiness", the Chinese nation has ushered in a great leap from standing up, becoming rich and becoming strong. The new era provides a broad practical stage for helping young people struggle, and the first youth development plan in the history of New China has been issued, and a colorful platform for voluntary service and innovative practice has been built, so that every young person can enjoy the opportunity to shine in life. Struggle is the most beautiful background of youth, and action is the most effective tempering of youth. We should follow the struggle direction of the party and the country with practical actions, integrate the youth struggle into the cause of the party and the people, and March courageously toward the Chinese dream of realizing the goal of the second century and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We should strive for dedication in ordinary posts, strive to take root at the grassroots level, serve the people, do every job in a down-to-earth manner, create extraordinary things in the ordinary, and create brilliance in the struggle. We should always cherish the spirit of striving for self-improvement, and shape the great spirit of struggle in the new era on the road of Do not forget your initiative mind’s vigorous youth. Now, youth is used to struggle; In the future, youth will be used for memories. In the new era, young people in China are the vanguard forces to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We should use our youthful self to create a youthful China and a youthful nation.

　　In the new era, young people in China are in the best period of the development of the Chinese nation. We should cherish the present, stir up the surging spring tide of national rejuvenation with the energy and creativity of youth, and strive for a better China with the wisdom and sweat of youth! (Author: Wang Huijing, School of Marxism, Soochow University)

New variant of influenza virus found？ It is expected that the intensity of influenza activity will slow down in the next two weeks.

　　　　　　 CCTV News:At present, it is winter, and the air is dry, which is the season of high incidence of influenza, and the flu this winter makes people feel that it seems to be "aggressive" compared with previous years. Just this afternoon, the Beijing Municipal Health Planning Commission held a press conference to introduce the influenza epidemic situation in Beijing. The good news is that the number of influenza-like cases reported every week has decreased from the previous month. However, among all age groups of influenza-like cases, the population aged 0-4 years old accounts for the highest proportion.

　　　　　　 According to the results of influenza surveillance in Beijing CDC, since November 2017, the influenza activity in Beijing has shown an upward trend, especially since December. At present, the influenza virus activity is still at a high level, but the upward trend has obviously slowed down. The first week of 2018 decreased by 74% compared with the last week of 2017. It is expected that the intensity of influenza activity will slow down in the next two weeks.

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　　　　　　 In addition, at today’s press conference, the Beijing Municipal Health Planning Commission also responded to the question that some citizens are worried about whether influenza drugs can guarantee the supply.

　　　　　　 Due to the arrival of the flu peak, there was a shortage of antiviral drug oseltamivir in some medical institutions in Beijing last week. Beijing issued an urgent notice to the five major drug suppliers in Beijing, asking all enterprises to start an emergency pre-investigation case to ensure the supply of oseltamivir for influenza. This week, 40,000 boxes of oseltamivir were distributed to various medical institutions in Beijing, and the drugs are still being distributed continuously, which can meet the drug demand. In addition, experts remind that once the elderly, children, pregnant women and key people with basic diseases have cold symptoms, they should choose to go to secondary and above hospitals for treatment instead of community hospitals.

　　　　　　 Liu Ying, deputy director of the Medical Administration Department of the Beijing Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission, said: "It will be safer for people over 65 and some key people to go to big hospitals."

　　　　　　 Some patients report that the course of the flu is long, and it has not improved for a long time. Is there a variant of the flu virus? Experts said that although the flu was the worst in recent years, there was no variation that affected the spread of influenza virus, the severity of the disease and drug resistance.

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　　　　　　 How to prevent this wave of flu? Vaccination against influenza is the most effective measure to prevent influenza, and it is also necessary to reduce activities in public places and pay attention to personal hygiene. In addition, the elderly, children, pregnant women and other high-risk groups are specially reminded that masks and antiviral drugs are indispensable.

　　　　　　 So when will the "flu season" end? Experts from China CDC said that the peak of influenza activity is expected to continue for some time, and the level of influenza activity is expected to reach its peak in the middle and late January. With the coming of winter vacation in schools and kindergartens, the level of influenza activity will gradually decline.
　

Meteorological heat index sends out small ＂shade＂

Source: China Meteorological News Agency　　
Release date: July 29, 2010 at 10:56

Intern reporter of China Meteorological News Sun Nan Anjia

　　Hot! With the arrival of the dog days, the high temperature in the whole country has come back again. On July 26th, the Beijing Meteorological Observatory issued the yellow warning signal of high temperature again. The citizens in Beijing complained: "The highest temperature in the weather forecast is only 35℃, but it feels like it is almost catching up with the high temperature of 40℃ a few weeks ago!"

　　Why is there always a gap between the temperature people feel and the temperature predicted by the meteorological department? Is the data monitored in the louver box discounted to the temperature?

Record the history of air temperature

The standard temperature is measured in the louver.

　　Taking the pulse for the sky is a scientific and rigorous work. Li Xiaoquan, the chief expert of China Weather Network and former director of the Central Meteorological Observatory, told us that there are strict standards for the setting of louver boxes, which are set according to the regulations of the World Meteorological Organization and the norms of meteorological observation.

　　The thermometer should be erected at a height of 1.5 meters from the ground and installed in a louver box with ventilation on six sides. It should not only ensure that it can communicate with the outside air, but also ensure that it will not be excessively affected by the wind, and at the same time avoid direct sunlight. In addition, the environment around the louver box also has strict requirements. It is internationally unified that the observation field must be empty and flat, and there should be no trees and tall buildings around it, and it should be placed on the lawn with a thickness of no more than 20 cm.

　　Only in this way can we ensure that the global meteorological observation data are representative, accurate and comparative, facilitate the global sharing of temperature data, correctly analyze the changes of weather systems and provide reliable weather forecasting services.
Every day, at a fixed time, observers should observe the temperature of the louver. Stations that switch to automatic meteorological observation will also regularly transmit observation data to forecasters for weather analysis and forecast.

　　Li Xiaoquan said that the temperature forecast mentioned in the weather forecast refers to the forecast of air temperature. The air temperature is very local, which is related to altitude and surrounding environment. Human activities are generally at the height of 1 meter to 2 meters. Therefore, the air temperature in the 1.5-meter-high louver box can reflect the real atmospheric situation of the human activity layer, which represents the undisturbed standard air temperature in the natural state.

Different feelings under the same sky

The difference of somatosensory temperature caused by many influences

　　The somatosensory temperature refers to the temperature that people feel. Due to the differences of regions, environments and individuals, there is a gap between the somatosensory temperature and the actual temperature.

　　There are many factors that affect the somatosensory temperature. Li Xiaoquan thinks that the most important factors that make people feel the temperature difference are relative humidity and wind power.

　　When the temperature is high and the humidity is high, the sweat on the skin surface cannot evaporate well, so the heat dissipation efficiency of the human body is low, and the somatosensory temperature is higher than the actual temperature. So even in the hot weather of 35℃, as long as the humidity is low, you will feel dry and not too uncomfortable. However, in most cities in the south and in the rainy season in the north, the relative humidity will reach more than 80%. At this time, as long as the temperature exceeds 32℃, the human body will feel sultry and unbearable.

　　Wind, like a huge fan, virtually accelerates the flow of air, and can quickly take away sweat from human skin, making people feel as if the temperature has dropped. In addition, the influence of solar radiation is also very obvious. Under the same temperature, humidity and wind speed, the temperature difference between sunlight and the somatosensory temperature in the shade can be 4℃ to 6℃.

　　The somatosensory temperature also varies from person to person: people in different regions feel different. Indian tourists who are used to the high temperature of 45℃ will not feel very hot when they come to China to see the Expo, but tourists from cold northern Europe are hard to adapt. Even in the same area, the feelings of the elderly and children will be very different. Even two adults in the same area will feel different when standing in the sun. Physical condition, clothes color, skin color and even good or bad mood can affect people’s feeling of temperature. As the saying goes, "being calm and naturally cool" is a good portrayal of the influence of people’s emotions on somatosensory temperature.

　　In the new round of high temperature, the public clearly felt the difference between the somatosensory temperature and the real temperature, and some people started the experiment of frying eggs with manhole covers. Crack, crack, crack, crack, crack, crack, crack, crack, crack, crack, crack. Under the direct sunlight, the asphalt road was baked with oil. Some people took out a thermometer to measure the ground temperature, which actually reached 70℃ to 90℃. Many netizens suspected that not predicting the road temperature was for fear of unnecessary panic caused by excessive temperature.

　　In this regard, Li Xiaoquan explained that the temperature should be representative, and the temperature of different underlying surfaces is different. It is a universal standard method to observe the ground temperature by burying the thermometer half in the soil. The meteorological department has a record of monitoring the surface temperature, but predicting the ground temperature in summer has little practical significance for citizens’ travel activities. Regardless of the ground temperature, people should choose to walk with shoes.

Thermal index forecast for weather "cooling down"

Humanized service reminds people of sun protection and heatstroke prevention

　　Meteorology affects all kinds of human activities everywhere. As people pay more and more attention to meteorology, the task before meteorologists is not only to talk to the sky, but also to talk to people.

　　Li Xiaoquan believes that meteorological departments in various regions should provide the forecast of somatosensory temperature index according to local people’s living habits, topography and landforms, not necessarily as accurate as the live temperature, but at least should distinguish grades. "I think the weather forecast in the future will tell people whether the weather tomorrow will be dry, comfortable and hot, sultry or very sultry, not just the dry’ maximum temperature of 35℃’."

　　At this year’s World Expo, the heat index forecast of the Expo site, which has been prepared for nearly a year, was launched on Shanghai Weather Online in many languages. Thermal index forecast of Expo site: Shanghai model 34, German model 39, Hong Kong model 33 … Shanghai Meteorological Bureau introduced internationally famous thermal index forecast models. This thermal index forecast product is released regularly twice a day.

　　Geng Fuhai, head of the Urban Environment Center of Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, said that the thermal index is an index describing human comfort. Use the thermal index calculation models of various countries to calculate the possible somatosensory temperatures of people in various countries. For example, the actual temperature is 33℃, the Shanghai model shows a thermal index of 34, the American model shows a thermal index of 120, and Americans know that it is 120 degrees Fahrenheit at a glance.

　　Ms Guan, a tourist visiting the Expo from Anhui, said: "The introduction of the heat index is very humanized. Although the weather has been sultry for several days, I feel very happy when I go online to see the meteorological service in the Expo Park before going out every morning."

　　"Although the thermal index has been launched, the relevant verification issues are still being discussed internationally. The somatosensory temperature is influenced by personal factors, and everyone has differences, so the operation of this model is difficult to be accurately verified. " Yan Fuhai said.

　　Tang Xu, director of the Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, also said that the meteorological forecast service is not only the Expo meteorological service, but also provides the internationally accepted standard temperature forecast, and also provides various refined products according to the needs of various units in the city and the feelings of pedestrians on the road. Tang Xu said: "our work should keep pace with the times and meet the needs of the broad masses of the people. This is the direction of our efforts. Meteorological standards should be adhered to, but follow-up services should also be strengthened. "　　　

　　Weather can also make life better. "People-oriented" is not only the ruling idea, but also the proper meaning of the meteorological department’s continuous improvement of public service level. Just as Li Xiaoquan said, under the premise of doing a good job of live temperature forecast, the forecast of somatosensory temperature index can make meteorological services icing on the cake.

　　(Editor: Luan Fei)

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