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On August 20, rescuers sent life jackets to the affected people in Xinzhuang Village, Keku Township, Wenchuan County. Xinhua news agency

Transfer tourists.

Transfer the affected people. According to China forest fire official micro

　　Sanjiang town mobile phone signal has been restored, and tourists are being evacuated.

　　Affected by mountain torrents and mudslides, sanjiang town, Wenchuan County was once interrupted by traffic and communication.

　　After five hours’ hard journey, at 7: 00 pm on the 20th, the reporter followed the rescue vehicle of Sichuan Fire and Rescue Corps and finally arrived in sanjiang town Town. At this time, the flood has receded, a thick layer of silt is piled up on the streets, and branches and other sundries are piled up on both sides of the roads, and the edges of many roads have been washed away.

　　It is understood that sanjiang town is organizing the evacuation of tourists in an orderly manner, but due to the interruption of national and provincial roads, the only way to transfer tourists abroad is to borrow the Yaozishan Village Road. With the rescue workers scrambling for communication, power supply and other infrastructure, the cell phone signal has gradually recovered.

　　Siniangshan town police relay escort to persuade stranded tourists to return

　　Xiaojin County, Aba Prefecture — Wenchuan County — The first-line road in Chengdu was interrupted, and the construction of Siguniang Mountain road could not pass normally, which led to tourists being stranded in Siguniang Mountain Town.

　　Upon hearing the news, Xiaojin police immediately arranged the Siguniang Mountain traffic police squadron to the Siguniang Mountain card point to persuade the stranded tourists to return, and at the same time communicated and coordinated with the construction party to release the stranded vehicles in advance. All police stations and traffic police squadrons along the highway set up two service persuasion points (Siguniang Mountain Card Point and Jiajin Mountains Qiaotou) to carry out persuasion, and Xiaojin traffic police squadrons escorted the stranded tourists from Siguniang Mountain Town in batches by relay — Meixing Town, Xiaojin County — Danba County, Ganzi Prefecture, safely escorted out of the country.

　　As of press time, the traffic police squadron of Siguniang Mountain persuaded more than 1,200 vehicles and more than 4,000 people to return. At present, except the tourists who are visiting Siguniang Mountain, all the other tourists have been persuaded to return.

　　Wenchuan police car clears the way and 100 buses are diverted to Beichuan.

　　In the early morning of August 20, heavy rains in Wenchuan County, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province caused many roads to be interrupted, so a large number of vehicles had to be diverted. They entered Beichuan from Maoxian County and borrowed Provincial Highway 302 to Mianyang, including hundreds of tourist buses.

　　Since Maoxian to Beichuan are all mountainous roads, Aba police and Mianyang police adopt a joint escort mechanism to implement traffic control on the roads and use police cars to clear the way to ensure the safe passage of all types of vehicles.

　　At the request of the Provincial Emergency Department, the Transportation Management Bureau of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Transportation arranged to mobilize the Chengdu Transportation General Vehicle to leave in batches and go to Wenchuan Shuimo to evacuate the stranded passengers. The first batch of 11 buses left around 5 pm, and the second batch of 9 buses also left at 17: 40.

　　Huaxi Dushi Bao-Cover Journalist Zhong Xiaolu Li Zhitian’s Road Comprehensive Report

　　Storm warning attention! There is still heavy rainfall in Maoxian County, Wenchuan.

　　The provincial flood control and drought relief headquarters simultaneously issued a yellow warning for mountain torrents.

　　The Sichuan Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a blue rainstorm warning at 15: 45 on August 20:

　　It is estimated that there will be thunderstorms or showers in the western part of the basin from 20: 00 on the 20th to 20: 00 on the 21st, including heavy rain (rainfall 50-80mm) in Ya ‘an, southwest Chengdu, west Meishan, north Leshan and Xuanying area in Aba Prefecture, and heavy rain (rainfall 120-180mm) in some places.

　　At 1700 hours, the Sichuan Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters issued a yellow warning for mountain torrents.

　　Chengdu Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow rainstorm warning at 16: 00 on August 20th:

　　It is estimated that there will be showers or thunderstorms on cloudy days from 20: 00 on the 20th to 20: 00 on the 21st in Chengdu, with heavy rain to heavy rain in some parts of western mountainous areas, with rainfall exceeding 100mm in some places and short-term gale during thunderstorms.

　　Aba Prefecture Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow rainstorm warning at 16: 50 on August 20th:

　　It is estimated that there will be an obvious precipitation weather process in Aba Prefecture from 20: 00 on the 20th to 20: 00 on the 21st, in which precipitation of more than 25mm will occur in parts of four counties, including Wenchuan County, Maoxian County, Lixian County and Xiaojin County, and precipitation of more than 50mm will occur in parts of Wenchuan Xuanying District and Maoxian County. When the process comes, it will be accompanied by strong convective weather such as lightning, sudden gale and short-term heavy precipitation.

　　The yellow warning level of rainstorm is defined as: rainfall of more than 50 mm occurred in the past 24 hours, and it is expected that there will still be rainfall of more than 50 mm in the above areas in the next 24 hours; or it is expected that there will be rainfall of more than 100 mm in the next 24 hours, and there will be rainfall of more than 250 mm locally.

　　According to the rainstorm warning, the local government and relevant departments should make good preparations for preventing rainstorm: schools and kindergartens should take measures to ensure the safety of students and children; Strengthen traffic management in heavy rainfall sections and waterlogged sections to ensure safety; Cut off the dangerous outdoor power supply in low-lying areas, suspend outdoor work in open places, transfer people in dangerous areas and residents in dangerous houses to safe places to shelter from the rain, transfer materials in low-injection places, and close the road to dry goods; Check the drainage system of towns, farmland and dams, and take necessary drainage measures to ensure that ponds and reservoirs maintain a safe water level; Drivers should pay attention to waterlogged roads and landslides to ensure driving safety. According to Sichuan Online

　　Three policemen in Chengdu lost contact in disaster relief.

　　The two have confirmed their sacrifice.

　　Huaxi Dushi Bao (Reporter Zhong Xiaotong) In the early morning of August 21st, the reporter learned from the Dayi County Public Security Bureau in Chengdu that a deputy director and an auxiliary police officer of the Xiling Police Station of Dayi County Public Security Bureau died due to rescue, and another auxiliary police officer still lost contact.

　　At 2: 11 am on August 20, a flash flood broke out in Yunhua Village, Xiling Town, Sichuan Province, which caused some roads to collapse and was seriously damaged. Vehicles and personnel could not pass through and were in urgent need of rescue.

　　After receiving the police from Xiling Police Station, li ke (male, 34 years old), deputy director, led Zhou Zhengliang (male, 39 years old) and Luo Yonghong (male, 36 years old), the auxiliary police officers, to drive the police car for disposal.

　　At 3: 10 pm on the 20th, after the command center of Dayi County Public Security Bureau lost contact with li ke and others, it immediately ordered the surrounding police to search. At the same time, the follow-up forces were organized to rescue the help-seeking personnel, and the trapped personnel were successfully rescued.

　　At about 14 o’clock, searchers found the bodies of li ke and Zhou Zhengliang in Lianghekou and Huashuiwan Dam respectively. At about 20 o’clock, due to the weather, the search and rescue work for Luo Yonghong, a lost auxiliary police officer, was suspended, and the search and rescue will continue on the 21st.

　　Particles refer to the smallest component of matter that can exist in a free state, including electrons and neutrons. The cornerstone of modern physics — — The physical standard model is essentially a "family tree" of a particle family, and its members are familiar to everyone. The Higgs boson, which finally revealed its beauty, was sought after by scientists from all walks of life as soon as it came out.

　　But there is an equally important class of particles that nobody cares about Of course, this is understandable, because these "quasi-particles" do not really exist, but their unique physical properties are enough to change modern science and technology. In a recent report, the British magazine New Scientist listed five quasi-particles that "don’t exist" but can change the face of the world.

　　Phonon: electric cowboy

　　In 2012, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN discovered the Higgs boson, which is the mass source of other particles. So far, all 62 kinds of elementary particles have been discovered, and the standard model of particle physics has been perfected.

　　But without phonon, all this would not have happened.

　　The concept of phonon is developed in the process of studying lattice vibration. Li Baowen, director of the Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science of Tongji University, once explained that phonons are not real particles, but quasi-particles, which are quantized lattice vibrations. It is called a phonon because the essence of "sound" is the "vibration" of an object. In fact, the Greek word for phonon means sound.

　　The name phonon was first put forward by Igor Tamm, a physicist in the former Soviet Union, in 1932. He pointed out that just as light corresponds to electrons, sound waves can be associated with some particles we call "phonons". In solids, especially in semiconductors and insulators, "heat" is conducted through lattice vibration, that is, "phonons" are carriers of heat.

　　At room temperature, phonons are quasi-particles, and the heat conduction of solid materials is mainly realized by phonons. But at extremely low temperature, these quasi-particles "incarnate" into a group of "cowboys", driving away the "cattle" composed of electrons. These electrons act uniformly, and their resistance is almost zero, which is the principle of low temperature superconductivity.

　　It is the huge electromagnetic field created by superconducting magnets that makes protons bend in the large circular orbit of LHC. In the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner, these superconducting magnets "transform" as a command, guiding oxygen atoms in human tissues to "dance" and releasing traceable radio signals. In addition, phonons also play an important role in the field of thermoelectric materials. These thermoelectric materials can convert thermal energy into electrical energy, and it is also expected to realize scientists’ dream of reusing waste heat from automobile engines to supply power for electronic products.

　　Magneton: the king of spin

　　Since Tam put forward the concept of "phonon", scientists have gradually found many such quasi-particles in solids. Another such particle originates from spin, a quantum property that is the basis of magnetism. Spin is like an arrow on an atom, pointing south or north; When all spins in matter are aligned, a magnetic field appears. However, when this spin state is constantly reversed, a wave effect is created, which scientists call "magnon".

　　Ordinary computers and smart phones need electricity to store information, but the information of equipment power failure cannot be obtained. If a magnon is used, the information storage will depend entirely on the magnetic field without electricity, which is called Spintronics. The advantage of this method is that it consumes little power — — Excessive power consumption is one of the main problems encountered in miniaturization of transistor chips. If the magnetic oscillator is controlled by electromagnetic waves, the computer can completely get rid of the shackles of wires and electricity.

　　Exciton: the secret weapon of plants

　　The earth gets more energy from the sun in an hour than all mankind consumes in a year. Plants play the role of energy catchers, and excitons are the "secret weapons" for plants to perform this task.

　　In any substance, electrons exist in different energy levels. When a photon strikes the surface of an object, it will excite electrons to a higher energy level, leaving a hole. Electrons are negatively charged and holes are positively charged. Under certain conditions, the Coulomb attraction between them will bind them together in space, so the complex formed is called excitons.

　　The leaves of plants contain light-trapping proteins, and the electrons in the light-trapping proteins will be excited to absorb photons and leave their positions, leaving a hole, electrons — Excitons formed by hole pairs will float around the photosynthesis production line of plants.

　　When excitons arrive at specific positions where they are needed, electrons recombine with holes and release energy, which plants use to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen.

　　This photosynthesis is the root of life on earth, and human beings have been looking forward to simulating this reaction in solar cells. In 2013, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology found a way to "photograph" excitons directly, which took a key step towards the ultimate goal.

　　According to the online edition of Science magazine in 2009, Leonid Butov, a physics professor at the University of California, San Diego, and his colleagues have made several transistors based on excitons. These transistors are expected to become the basic modules of new computers, and the circuits assembled by them will become the first computing device using excitons in the world.

　　Mayorana Fermion: Quantum Hero

　　If you want to have a real multi-process computer, you can turn to a quantum computer for help. The quantum computer, which is still in its infancy, makes use of subtle and uncertain quantum states and can give multiple solutions to the same problem at the same time. As long as the external environment does not disturb the "magic" of the quantum computer, it can run stably.

　　Majorana quasiparticles can provide "qubits" for quantum operations, which makes quantum computers more powerful.

　　The information in an ordinary computer is stored in "bits", and each bit is coded as 0 or 1; Information bits in a quantum computer can exist as 0 and 1 at the same time, but this superposition state is very fragile. For this reason, physicists have been looking for ways to make qubits more stable.

　　In 1930s, Italian theoretical physicist ettore majorana predicted that there must be a particle, which is the same as its antiparticle. The concept of "majorana particle" was born. It has no mass and no charge. It is its own antiparticle and always appears in pairs. Because of its special properties, majorana particles are electrically neutral and rarely interact with the environment, so it becomes an ideal carrier for quantum information coding.

　　Since majorana particles always appear in pairs, which means that there are two copies of the information they contain, theoretically speaking, majorana qubits are more tolerant to external noise. However, according to Attila Geresdi of QuTech Institute in the Netherlands, these qubits exist in the background of huge electronic effects, and it is very tricky to extract the information of majorana quasiparticles.

　　In June this year, the research team of Jia Jinfeng of Shanghai Jiaotong University wrote in the Physical Review Express that they had successfully captured the Mayorana fermion in the laboratory through a special artificial film composed of topological insulator materials and superconductor materials, which not only contributed to the development of quantum computers, but also helped to further uncover the mystery of dark matter.

　　Wilfermion: Double-faced Jiaowa

　　"Weyl fermions" are like shy "cousins" of electrons. In 1929, the German scientist H. Weyl proposed that there is a kind of electron with no "mass" and can be divided into two different "chirality" of left-handed and right-handed, and this electron is called "Wilfermion".

　　The fermion has two key characteristics: massless and chiral. The lack of mass means that it can move at high speed, and at the same time, it is extremely resistant to interference that is inconsistent with its chirality, which makes it difficult to scatter: two different types of fermion streams can be close together without interaction. It has been suggested that these properties can make it the basis of computers beyond spintronics computing power.

　　However, for more than 80 years, scientists have not observed the fermion in the experiment, and the semi-metallic materials with the characteristics of fermion have only recently appeared. On July 16, last year, Science magazine published the experimental results of the team of physicist Zaid Hassan of Princeton University. The team announced that they found "Waier Fermion" in "Waier Semimetal"; On July 20th, official website, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, announced that the research team led by Fang Zhong, a researcher from the Institute, had successfully discovered the Verfermion in TaAs crystal for the first time. Therefore, the era of "Weyl Weyltronics" has appeared on the horizon, but there is still a long way to go.

18 years is a year of short video explosion, and many users will have a feeling that they can’t stop when watching short videos. So how exactly did short videos kill your time?

If 2016 is the outlet of live broadcast and bike-sharing, 2017 is the outbreak period of short video. Time has entered 18 years, and the popularity of short videos has become more and more prosperous.

The familiar short video players: Tik Tok, Watermelon Video, Volcano Video and Aauto Quicker are among the top ten in the industry.

I believe that every user who watches short videos has had this feeling: I just watch two … and then slip away in half an hour. How did the short video, known as the "time killer", kill your time and make it disappear unconsciously?

In this regard, individuals have the following ideas:

Since the outbreak of mobile internet, recommendation system is not a new word. Providing users with his favorite content is what recommendation system is good at! For example, today’s headline machine recommendation information flow, Netease Cloud Music’s magical song list recommendation … It will make you have a dedicated service experience, so that users can’t stop using the APP.

Combined with the psychological flow effect, we can see the magic more clearly.

Flow: In psychology, it is a kind of psychological state when you concentrate on a certain behavior, and entering this state will make people feel happy.

When you are immersed in the glory of the king qualifying, when you are still reluctant to leave the TV screen at one or two in the morning, you are in a flow.

In this state, you don’t want to be disturbed, that is, you resist interruption. It’s like you will keep starting games and watch TV series episode after episode, as if you can’t control yourself. In fact, your brain doesn’t want to control yourself to stop.

Combining the two, the recommendation system pushes your favorite content and updates it constantly. You don’t want to stop sliding your finger when you enter the flow state. In the short video of 15s, you unconsciously brush it until 2 o’clock in the middle of the night …

With the development of technology, information is carried from words to pictures, to videos, and then to live broadcasts. You will find that:The improvement of information carrying mode has a subtle influence on your brain.

Although words, pictures and videos can explain the facts, but:

• The form of words will bring people more imagination space after extension. After words enter the brain, it will take some time to be translated to understand (although it may only take a few seconds).
• Compared with words, pictures are a more intuitive expression method, which objectively shows the facts in a shorter time, but as a static display, there is still some room for imagination;
• Video and live broadcast are one step closer. What you see is what you get. The imagination space is further compressed, the content of objective expression is enriched, and the human brain can directly receive more information, which can be understood without the second translation of the brain.

The live broadcast was a hit in 2016, and I personally understand that this has the same reason. As a recorded video, the live broadcast form gives people a more intuitive feeling of time and space, but the live broadcast also has a short board because of real-time, and users are not free all the time. If you miss the time, it will lose its meaning.

With the increasing fragmentation time of users, short videos have become the best channel for users to enjoy themselves. Short-term entertainment, easy-to-understand content, this experience will make the brain addicted and easier to immerse itself in.

Personally, this situation can be explained by a law in Thinking, Fast and Slow:

Rule of Least Effort: If there are many ways to achieve the same goal, people will often choose the simplest one.

After carefully studying the development, content tendency and product function of Tik Tok, it is found that its popular mode fits well with the addiction model mentioned in the book Addiction:

Tik Tok’s brand promotion, the forwarding and dissemination of wonderful short video content in social software, and the first stage of the addiction model cycle: trigger comes into play.

For whatever reason, when you click on the link to play, you have entered the second step of the addiction model cycle: action. Next, you will see all kinds of dazzling content.

The difference between the addiction model and the common feedback loop lies in that it can directly stimulate people’s strong desire for something, Tik Tok’s precise control in the content direction, and challenging the variability of gameplay, so that every time you slide, you can bring new surprise variables, and the brain excitement will continue to rise because of unexpected rewards, expecting to find more surprises.

In the last stage: input, not only means making users willing to spend money, but also means that users’ behavior can improve the subsequent service quality. Praise, attention, etc. are all the inputs paid by users to improve the product experience.

These inputs will have an impact on the first three stages. Triggers are easier to form, actions are easier to take place, and rewards will be more attractive.

Judging from the current analysis, short video, as a sharp weapon to kill time, seems to have stepped on the breakthrough points of two times: the development of technology and the outbreak of information. At the same time, the psychological nature of human beings since ancient times has been infinitely magnified by various means in this era. Is the outbreak of short videos really just accidental? I do not think this is necessarily the case.

At present, I have only analyzed the environmental and industrial factors, but not the in-depth product experience analysis. I believe that each product has its unique attraction to users, which is also a direction that I will study in depth in the future.

The above are some of my personal superficial ideas, and I hope to communicate with you.

This article was originally published by @DHAllison. Everyone is a product manager. Reprinting is prohibited without permission.

The title map comes from unsplash and is based on CC0 protocol.