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Heavy! The tenth edition of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment plan adjustment points.

　　Recently, the National Health and Wellness Commission and state administration of traditional chinese medicine organized the revision of the novel coronavirus Diagnosis and Treatment Plan (Trial Ninth Edition) and formed the novel coronavirus Infection Diagnosis and Treatment Plan (Trial Tenth Edition). The key revisions are as follows:

　　The name of the disease has been adjusted.

　　According to the "Overall Plan for Implementing" Class B and B Management "for novel coronavirus Infection by the Comprehensive Group of the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism, the name of the disease was changed from" novel coronavirus "Renamed "novel coronavirus Infection". With the continuous variation of Covid-19, the virulence of Omicron virus weakened after it became the main epidemic strain. The main symptoms of human infection were cough, fever, sore throat and so on, and only a few infected people would progress to pneumonia.

　　No longer judge "suspected cases"

　　With the increasing richness of diagnostic methods and the continuous improvement of diagnostic efficiency,At present, Covid-19 infection can be diagnosed promptly, quickly and accurately by nucleic acid and antigen detection.In most cases, there will be no cases where the epidemiological history and clinical manifestations are consistent with the characteristics of the disease, but the pathogen detection can not be clear for a long time.

　　Increase the positive test of Covid-19 antigen as diagnostic criteria.

　　Antigen detection has good detection sensitivity for infected people with high viral load.With the maturity of antigen detection technology and the improvement of detection accuracy, Covid-19 infected people, especially those with strong infectivity, can be diagnosed in time through antigen detection.Considering that most infected people are treated at home, the antigen detection operation is simple and convenient, which is convenient for infected people to carry out rapid self-detection.

　　Further optimize "clinical typing"

　　With the constant variation of the virus, especially since the epidemic of Omicron strain, the pathogenicity of the virus has been gradually weakened, and the characteristics of the disease have changed obviously. Most infected people have mild symptoms and the proportion of pneumonia has been greatly reduced.In order to better reflect the characteristics of the disease, the tenth edition of the plan adjusted the clinical classification, mainly according to the severity of the infected person’s illness, divided into "light, medium, heavy and critical", which is more in line with clinical practice.

　　Cases are no longer required to be "centralized and isolated"

　　With the implementation of Class B and B management measures, Covid-19 infected people can choose home treatment or medical institutions according to the needs of treatment, and all kinds of medical institutions can treat Covid-19 infected people.

　　Further improved the treatment method.

　　The anti-Covid-19 drugs that have been approved for marketing in China will be included in the new diagnosis and treatment plan to further enrich the antiviral treatment methods.

　　Further improve the diagnostic criteria and early warning indicators for severe and critical cases, and scientifically and accurately judge severe cases of infection in Covid-19. At the same time,The elderly who have not been vaccinated in the whole process will be added to the high-risk group of severe diseases, and the monitoring of vital signs, especially the monitoring index of finger oxygen saturation after rest and activity, will be added to the early warning index of severe diseases..

　　Further strengthening the concept of co-treatment of Covid-19’s infection and basic diseases, emphasizing the need to strengthen the monitoring of related indicators of infected people’s basic diseases and give corresponding treatment for basic diseases, which is more conducive to promoting patients’ comprehensive recovery.

　　Further optimize the clinical manifestations and treatment-related contents of children’s cases, put forward the characteristics of children infected with Omicron strain in combination with clinical practice, and improved the early warning indicators of severe cases in children.It provides a treatment plan for special situations such as acute laryngitis and nervous system complications that may occur in children infected.

　　Further improved the related content of Chinese medicine treatment.Strengthen the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine treatment for severe and critical cases, and increase the method of medication with symptoms, which is more suitable for clinical practice.On this basis, the Chinese medicine treatment plan for children’s cases is further improved, acupuncture treatment methods are added, and corresponding Chinese medicine treatment measures are provided in combination with the obvious cough of some patients in recovery period.

　　Adjust the "discharge standard"

　　The tenth version of the plan no longer requires the results of nucleic acid detection when the infected person leaves the hospital, but the clinician makes a comprehensive judgment based on the patient’s Covid-19 infection, diagnosis and treatment of basic diseases or other diseases, and health recovery.

　　When the patient’s condition is obviously improved, his vital signs are stable, his body temperature is normal for more than 24 hours, lung imaging shows that acute exudative lesions are obviously improved, and he can be converted to oral medication, and there are no complications that need further treatment, he can consider leaving the hospital.

　　Adjust the prevention and control of infection in medical institutions

　　After the adjustment of the epidemic prevention and control policy, all medical institutions have the possibility to accept cases of Covid-19 infection. The tenth edition of the diagnosis and treatment plan has adjusted the relevant contents of infection prevention and control in medical institutions.

　　Further implement the system of pre-examination and triage for outpatient and emergency departments and do a good job of patient diversion. At the same time, instruct patients and accompanying personnel to wear medical surgical masks or medical protective masks, and provide instructions on hand hygiene, respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette.

　　Strengthen the cleaning, disinfection and ventilation of consultation rooms, wards, offices and duty rooms.

　　Implement personal protection requirements of medical staff according to exposure risks.

　　Standardize the treatment of medical waste and implement terminal disinfection after patients are transferred out or discharged from hospital.

　　▌ This article Source: CCTV News WeChat WeChat official account (ID: CCTV News Center)

　　Producer/Editor-in-Chief Bing Xu/Ma Wenjia

　　Headquarters reporter/Shi Yingchun

　　Editor/Yu Zijing Drawing/Gao Mengru

　　Image source/vision china

Five practical skills of Huawei Pura70 are shared, and new users should try it quickly.

Huawei Pura70 series has been released for many days, and I believe many small partners have already touched it.

I’ve seen a lot of introductions of new functions and new hardware these days. I wonder if you pay attention to the changes in experience. Huawei Pura70 series is equipped with the latest HarmonyOS 4.2, and there are still many changes in details. For many new users, if you don’t study it in depth, you may regret missing it. Then take stock of a few more interesting functions, take a new machine in hand, or plan to start a new machine, you can take a look.

1. "Shake" to intercept jump advertisements

I don’t know which product manager invented the "shake" jump advertisement, but I guess his performance must be very good.

In any case, it is necessary for the mobile phone to stop the "shake" advertisement. After all, it is really useful.

I am deeply touched by this point. During the Double Eleven last year, I still used it. It didn’t have the advertisement interception function. As a result, some apps were opened at one point, and the first thing I jumped to was the shopping platform, which was annoying. It was changed at the beginning of the year. Starting from the latest surge, this mobile phone supports "getting device movements and directions" on and off, and the experience has also been qualitatively improved.

With the release of Huawei Pura70 series, Huawei users can also set the "Application acquisition device direction" for the app in this mobile phone. Personally, this function is not bad, and new users can turn it on or off as needed. Of course, if it is set to prohibit, in addition to shaking the advertisement jump, the game control and automatic screen flipping may also be affected, which needs attention.

2, photo AI elimination

With the explosion of the concept of "AI big model", some useful AIGC functions have been widely used, such as image elimination.

At present, mainstream flagship mobile phones such as Huawei, Glory, OPPO, vivo and Xiaomi all support the AI ? ? picture elimination function, and their performance is naturally mixed.

The image elimination function of Huawei Pura70 series is good in some scenes, and the overall evaluation can be given to the upper-middle. I believe it will be better with the optimization of subsequent systems and the improvement of large model capabilities.

3. Smart screen recognition

Smart screen recognition is a super easy-to-use function, but 99% of consumers actually don’t care.

For example, if you want to recognize the words on the picture, cut out some words, logos or photos, or translate between Chinese and English, compare prices of goods, etc., in the past, you needed a three-party App, or manually search for some more complicated menu operations. If you use smart screen to operate, it will be very convenient and fast.

On Huawei Pura70 series, users only need to hold down the screen with two fingers at the same time, which can trigger the intelligent screen recognition function, which can be carried out in any interface, including the operation of coding chat records with one button.

4. Artistic protagonist

The artistic protagonist is a custom theme function, and users can set their own photos as themes. The difference is that this function supports powerful customization. When you set a photo, the system will automatically matting the portrait, and users can also adjust the image at will.

In addition, the artistic protagonist has a wealth of texture styles and colors to choose from to meet the personalized needs.

5. Interactive theme

It also belongs to the category of theme customization. Unlike traditional static themes or dynamic themes, Huawei Pura70 series provides several themes that can interact with users. In addition to supporting sticker customization, it can also interact with users. For example, when users light up the screen, the wallpaper will move, and when the screen is turned off, the wallpaper will also move; Every time you slide into the desktop, the sticker will show a different animation form. Even when you click on the sticker with your finger, it will respond accordingly, which not only fills up the visual effect, but also makes every operation more interesting.

That’s all about the sharing of new functions of Huawei Pura70 series. Don’t forget to give it a try for new users. They are all very interesting and practical functions, which I believe will bring you a different experience.

Don’t buy the ＂back from the dead＂ flowers that are screened by friends!

　　Cctv newsRecently, in the circle of friends and the homepages of various social media, many people are drying a flower that can bring life back to life.

　　A dead branch without roots.

　　Soak it in water for a few days and it will bloom again.

　　This kind of dry branch is called "Rhododendron in Daxinganling"

　　Is it really that amazing?

　　The flowers that came back to life in the circle of friends were warned to destroy the ecological environment.

　　The WeChat circle of friends of Ms. Liu, a native of Hangzhou, was screened by this magical "dead wood in spring": "Many people are taking pictures. I also bought one to 20 yuan, which is much cheaper than the flowers in the flower shop. "

　　After receiving the dead branch, Ms. Liu put it in the water. In less than two weeks, the branch bloomed with pink and purple flowers, which had a literary beauty. In another week, the flowers have fallen, and young leaves are beginning to come out from the branches, which is a different scenery.

　　She exposed this moment of witnessing "miracle" to a circle of friends, but received a dissuasion message from a friend: "Don’t buy this again! This dead branch is broken from wild rhododendron, which will destroy the ecological environment! "

　　She is not the only one who received dissuasion messages in the circle of friends. Weibo netizen "Xicheng Green" also said that he was told not to buy this kind of flowers after drying them in a circle of friends.

　　Is this true or not? Will it really damage the environment to buy azaleas and raise them at home?

　　A bunch of online shops in 20 yuan sell wild rhododendrons.

　　The reporter browsed a shopping website, and the pictures below the keywords "Rhododendron hydroponics, dry branches, soaked flowers, dry wood and dead trees meet spring flowers" are all Rhododendron flowers in Xing ‘an, and the store specially added the words "artificial cultivation" and "home planting". Only a few stores still write "dry branches of rhododendron in Xing ‘an" in the product description.

　　But the commodity maps are all similar, with pink and purple flowers on the dead branches. People who know a little about flowers can recognize this as azaleas at a glance.

　　According to the commodity details of these azaleas, dead branches can bloom in about 7-10 days after being inserted in water and changed once every 3-4 days. If you don’t want it to open for a while, just put the dead branches in the refrigerator for preservation.

　　Some stores focus on "wild", and in the product details, they have exposed many photos of flowers and trees in the snowy mountains, as if to prove to buyers that these branches were indeed picked from the mountains.

　　According to the customer service of an online shop, these dead branches were imported from the local flower and bird market. People in the market told them that it was wild in the mountains of Daxinganling. As for whether it was true or not, the seller was not sure himself.

　　Among these shops selling dead branches, the one with the highest sales volume sells 7,787 orders a month, and the price is 40 sticks in a bunch of 23 yuan. The more you buy, the lower the unit price. In this way, the number of dead branches to be sold every month is not a small number.

　　Flowers can bring back the dead? It’s not that amazing!

　　Why do dead branches that look lifeless bloom quickly when inserted in water? Experts say that these dead branches are actually not dead at all, just "hibernating"!

　　This kind of rhododendron, which grows in Daxing ‘anling and Xiaoxing ‘anling areas, is scientifically called Rhododendron Xing ‘an, also known as Tartar Fragrant, and is the city flower of Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province. It belongs to semi-green shrub, leaves fall and sleep in winter, waiting for the next spring to bloom again. In the dormant period, the branches are broken down, inserted into the water, and then placed in a warm room. The temperature and moisture have reached the conditions for flowering, and the buds on the dead branches naturally bloom.

　　This "magical" process can be done not only by cuckoo, but also by branches such as peach blossom and winter jasmine. Therefore, the so-called "coming back to life" is not a "miracle", but just a gimmick of the merchants.

　　Expert: wanton logging will destroy the ecological balance.

　　However, because of the "magic" stunt, Rhododendron Xing ‘an has been cut down a lot.

　　In fact, in 2017, Huzhong District, Daxing ‘anling, Heilongjiang Province issued the Notice on Prohibiting the Collection and Sale of Rhododendron Xing ‘an, because the growth of wild Rhododendron Xing ‘an is slow, only 10 cm long a year, and the rampant deforestation has seriously affected the ecological environment.

　　 According to experts, the natural environment is a house with balanced distribution. If a large number of azaleas are cut, its ability to absorb sunlight and water will be weakened. This energy will be taken up by other plants, and the cuckoo will only become weaker and weaker.

　　In addition, as a woody plant, Rhododendron itself grows slowly, and it takes 5-6 years from sowing to first flowering; If it grows into a branch that can be broken by dozens of centimeters, it is at least twenty or thirty years old. If you want to make it grow back, it will not be so fast.

　　Appeal: Don’t pick and buy wild plants.

　　Although the local government has taken measures, rhododendrons in Xing ‘an will still be cut and sold in winter.

　　Beauty should not be at the expense of injury. I appeal to everyone: don’t buy rhododendron in Xing ‘an, and don’t pick wild plants at will. Let these plants live in their original homes!

　　Source: Sichuan Daily WeChat WeChat official account

China FAW Yancheng Branch put into production, the first model Pentium pony was officially mass-produced.

On May 17th, China FAW Yancheng Branch was put into production and the first car mass production ceremony was officially held. Pentium pony, the first model born in the new factory, was mass-produced and shipped to its dealers all over the country. With the mass production of the first car, the new energy factory of China FAW Yancheng Branch was officially unveiled for the first time, which opened the Pentium brand of China FAW and accelerated the development of new energy industry layout.

Relevant responsible persons from Yancheng Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, China FAW, FAW Pentium, Yancheng Economic and Technological Development Zone and Jiangsu yueda Group came to the scene to witness this important moment. The main responsible comrades of Yancheng Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, Wang Guoqiang, director and deputy secretary of the Party Committee of China FAW Group Co., Ltd., Yang Chang, chairman and secretary of the Party Committee of FAW Pentium Automobile Co., Ltd., and Kong Dejun, general manager and deputy secretary of the Party Committee of FAW Pentium Automobile Co., Ltd. jointly launched the commissioning and first car mass production ceremony of China FAW Yancheng Branch.

Wang Guoqiang said in his speech that as an important part of the strategic layout of China FAW’s new energy industrial chain, the commissioning of China FAW Yancheng Base greatly supplemented the production capacity layout of China FAW’s independent new energy vehicles, marking a key step in the strategic layout of China FAW’s new energy. As the first new energy strategic model of Pentium brand, Pentium Pony will further enhance the competitiveness and influence of Pentium in the new energy market, and bring more scene and personalized car experience to consumers.

As a new energy passenger car production base established by China FAW, Yancheng Branch will undertake the production tasks of various new energy main models of Pentium brand in the future, which will become an important guarantee to support the development of China FAW’s own brand and promote the transformation of FAW Pentium’s new energy. With the accelerated transformation, FAW Pentium will launch seven new energy vehicles, covering pure electric, plug-in hybrid, extended range power and other types of products.

Pentium pony is the first product of FAW Pentium’s new energy transformation, which will be officially launched on May 28th. Since the pre-sale, it has become the new "budding master" of the micro pure electric travel market with the five good experiences of "good-looking, fun, easy to open, economical and safe".

In addition, the brand-new new energy vehicle of Pentium brand, code-named E311, also made its debut at the event. This vehicle is an all-electric SUV with high price-performance ratio and high quality-price ratio, which will bring consumers a brand-new travel experience with cutting-edge technology.

The commissioning of China FAW Yancheng Branch will bring sufficient capacity support and quality assurance for the planning and landing of new energy products of FAW Pentium. By the end of this year, China FAW Yancheng Branch will invest and transform 30 production lines one after another, reaching the annual output of 100,000 vehicles, and the production capacity will exceed 150,000 vehicles by the end of 2025, making it an intelligent, green and efficient modern manufacturing enterprise. In terms of manufacturing quality, it can realize 100% automation, high precision and zero error in body welding, and 100% data upload in final assembly can realize traceability of vehicle quality. In terms of quality inspection, the laser radar with a measurement accuracy finer than the hair ensures the uniform and beautiful gap between vehicles, and the detection intensity of rain around 360 degrees reaches more than twice the national standard. Through more than 16 kinds of complex road conditions tests, 19 rigorous tests in 4 categories are carried out in the whole process, which reflects the quality standards of China FAW.

From the official mass production of Pentium pony to the surprise appearance of E311, and then to the high standard landing of Yancheng New Energy Factory, FAW Pentium has entered a new round of strategic transformation. Relying on more than 70 years’ accumulation of China FAW and Yancheng’s complete industrial supporting facilities, FAW Pentium will reinforce its advantages in the Yangtze River Delta market, which is the core of new energy vehicle consumption, showing a new pattern of coordinated layout of North-South bases and common development of North-South markets.

Be alert! These bacteria may cause diseases such as sepsis and meningitis.

　　In summer, the weather is hot, and the growth and reproduction of bacteria are increasingly active. The so-called "illness from the mouth", when cooking dishes, do you think that there may be "dangerous elements" hidden in the kitchen? What diseases will they cause?

　　What are the common pathogens in the kitchen?

　　1. Escherichia coli

　　● Can cause diseases: sepsis, infective endocarditis, liver abscess, peritonitis, pelvic inflammatory disease and urinary system infection.

　　● Symptoms after infection: abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, nausea, dizziness, vomiting and shock.

　　E. coli is harmless to human body under normal circumstances, but it is easy to cause disease once it is overdosed and human immunity is weak.

　　● E.coli has low requirements for living conditions, and it will grow in the kitchen where there is a little water or food residue, such as chopping boards, rags and sinks that have not been dried. It is warm and humid in summer, and the growth and reproduction of Escherichia coli is very fast.

　　● Escherichia coli is not resistant to high temperature. Generally, it can be killed in plain areas by boiling at 100℃ for about 15 minutes to 30 minutes. When the temperature is about 4℃, the growth rate of Escherichia coli slows down; When the temperature is below MINUS 20℃, it enters a dormant state and stops breeding.

　　2. Listeria

　　● Can cause diseases: fetal arrest, abortion, meningitis.

　　● Symptoms after infection: abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, nausea, dizziness, vomiting and shock.

　　Listeria is known as the "refrigerator killer" and can still grow at 4℃. Milk, yogurt, eggs, meat, cold drinks and vegetables in the refrigerator may be parasitic.

　　Low high temperature environment is easy to kill Listeria, and refrigerated food can be sterilized by boiling and heating. In addition, regular cleaning and disinfection of the refrigerator will help to eliminate Listeria.

　　3. Vibrio parahaemolyticus

　　● Can cause diseases: gastroenteritis, acute renal failure and wound infection.

　　● Post-infection symptoms: severe abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, nausea, dizziness, vomiting and shock may occur.

　　● Vibrio parahaemolyticus mainly lives in seafood such as fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish and seaweed. Eating food containing this bacterium or being scratched by food containing this bacterium can cause infection.

　　● Vibrio parahaemolyticus can be killed by heating at high temperature. If sterilized with boiling water, it is recommended to boil for more than 15 minutes.

　　4. Salmonella

　　● Can cause diseases: bacteremia, septicemia, gastroenteritis, osteomyelitis, meningitis, vascular implant infection and bone and joint infection.

　　● Post-infection symptoms: persistent high fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, dizziness, vomiting and shock may occur.

　　Salmonella is easy to appear in kitchen knives, chopping boards, vegetables, fruits, eggs, chicken legs and other foods.

　　Salmonella can be killed by heating at high temperature.

　　5. Staphylococcus aureus

　　● Can cause diseases: meningitis, otitis media, septicemia, pneumonia, folliculitis, wound infection and paronychia.

　　● Post-infection symptoms: skin pustules, abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, vomiting, dizziness, etc.

　　● It is often parasitic on human and animal skin, nasal cavity, throat, stomach and other tissues, and is also found in air and sewage. When eating food contaminated by the bacteria, or when the body wound comes into contact with pollution sources, it can cause infection.

　　Staphylococcus aureus has a certain tolerance to high temperature, and it can be killed in a high temperature environment above 80℃ for 30 minutes. 70% ethanol can also be used for disinfection.

　　The doctor reminded that the symptoms caused by these pathogenic bacteria when invading the human body have many similarities, such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, etc. Therefore, once an infection occurs, it is necessary to go to the hospital for examination and test to accurately identify which kind of bacteria is caused, and then take medicine for the symptoms.

　　Transferred from CCTV Finance

[Editor in charge:

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Baojun responded to Yue brake failure, and software BUG caused brake degradation.

Recently, some car owners posted on social platforms that the brakes of the 2023 smart driving version were abnormal, which attracted the attention of netizens.

On January 4th, Baojun Automobile issued a statement in the official Weibo to respond to the relevant situation. The statement said: "This Yueye incident is not the’ brake failure’ described by the network, but the existence of some vehicles.Software BUG, resulting in the brake assist degradation. This part of the vehicle will enter the speed limit protection state when it is reminded by the indicator light when it is started. "

"After receiving relevant feedback, we intervened in the first time and solved the user’s vehicle problem. Please feel free to use it." Baojun Automobile said, "Without knowing the facts, the relevant media described the words such as’ brake failure’ as inaccurate."

Previously, many car owners reported on social media that the brakes of Baojun Yueye had failed, mainly focusing on the 2023 Baojun Yueye Flagship Edition and Zhizun Edition. The vehicle reported eps code, and the "yellow turtle" fault light appeared on the dashboard. The owner stepped down.brake pedalThe rear vehicle cannot slow down.

A car owner described the problem as follows: "When I was driving on the morning of December 31, 2024, I found that the car slipped after the car was powered on, and there was no response when I stepped on the brakes. I started the car several times without power, and the problem still existed. At the same time, the vehicle dashboard reported the EBS fault light and the drive system fault light, so I called for rescue and dragged the car to the 4s shop for maintenance. So far, the cause of the vehicle problem and the after-sales plan have not been clearly answered."

Stephy’s American-born daughter came back to take a selfie, showing good looks and recovering quickly.

Stephy takes selfies.

Weibo screenshot

　　 1905 movie network news Recently, Stephy Nathan Scott Lee showed up at Beijing Capital Airport with his daughter, which proved that the whole family had returned to Beijing. At 19: 31 on April 8th, Stephy Weibo took a selfie. In the photo, Stephy took a selfie with a camera in one hand and made an "OK" gesture in the other. Different from the past, the neat short hair has turned into a long hair, which is more charming, and the skin is white and smooth. Postpartum recovery can be called rapid.

　　 After the exposure of this Weibo, netizens sent blessings one after another, and some netizens ridiculed: "Does this gesture mean a baby brain for three years?"

　　 It is reported that in August 2013, Stephy and American Han Xing Nathan Scott Lee were photographed by the media returning to the apartment together after a barbecue in the middle of the night, and their love affair was open. On August 25th, 2014, Stephy officially announced the wedding news through Weibo, and took a photo with her fiance Nathan Scott Lee. On September 8th, Stephy and Nathan Scott Lee formally married at Caesar Palace Hotel in Las Vegas, USA. On January 17th, 2015, Stephy had a baby girl in Hoag Beach, California. She was nicknamed "Lucky" and weighed 3145g at birth.

Some lesions in the annual physical examination can’t be found？ Expert： Physical examination needs a ＂sense of design＂

　　Medical Guidance/Professor Wang Fangjun from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine

　　No matter on the Internet or in real life, I can always hear people asking similar questions angrily and helplessly: one of my relatives and friends has a physical examination every year, and no problems have been found. Who knows that lung cancer has been found recently, or it is in the advanced stage! Therefore, people often ask bluntly: What is the use of physical examination? Why are some diseases still undetected? The reporter interviewed Professor Wang Fangjun from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

　　Text, Figure/Guangzhou Daily All-Media Reporter Weng Shuxian Correspondent Fang Ning and Zhang Qiuxia

　　Don’t wait for the body to "hold on" before doing the examination.

　　"Physical examination is of course useful! The use is not small! " Wang Fangjun explained that the so-called physical examination is the abbreviation of "physical examination", which is a process in which doctors use their own senses, auxiliary examination instruments and experimental equipment to collect objective information on the health of patients or normal people and conduct health assessment.

　　In the past, many people went to the hospital after they felt obvious symptoms of the disease, or even "unbearable". As everyone knows, many diseases have no discomfort in the early or even the middle stage, especially cancer. When the symptoms are obvious, they often have developed to a serious stage, and the treatment effect is difficult to guarantee, even for life. Physical examination is a process in which people take the initiative to evaluate the health status of their bodies. Without waiting for the body to send out an obvious "unbearable" signal, they can find hidden dangers of diseases as early as possible and block the progress of diseases in time.

　　Why didn’t the physical examination find early lesions?

　　Why do you insist on physical examination every year, or are some early lesions not found in time? What do you think about this problem that puzzles many people?

　　"We should be clear about the fact that the health examination of normal people is not the same as the disease examination of patients who go to the hospital to see a doctor!" Wang Fangjun said that the examination of diseases is clear-cut, targeted, accurate and meticulous, and will make a relatively accurate diagnosis of diseases in a "positioning, quantitative, qualitative and regular" manner; The physical examination is only a screening process, and we don’t know whether the body is sick or not, which is equivalent to "casting a net". Therefore, we usually only choose some simple and cheap items that can reflect important organ functions.

　　If we sort out these "casting a net" health examination items, he thinks they can be roughly divided into three categories:

　　1. General examination: It belongs to the most basic examination items, and usually includes blood pressure measurement, heart and lung examination, electrocardiogram examination, palpation of liver, gallbladder, spleen and lymph nodes, etc., so as to roughly judge whether there are diseases of organs such as hypertension, heart disease, lung disease and liver and gallbladder.

　　2. Laboratory examination: generally including blood analysis (blood routine), urine routine, liver and kidney function, blood lipid analysis, tumor markers and thyroid function, to judge whether there are anemia, infection, hepatitis, nephritis, hyperlipidemia, tumor, leukemia and hyperthyroidism.

　　3. Imaging examination: it is essential in the current physical examination, which usually includes chest X-ray photos, B-ultrasound (liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidney, thyroid, etc.) and other items.

　　"Whether you apply for a medical examination on your own initiative or a medical examination organized by your work unit, you only choose a few inspection items to do." Wang Fangjun said that even "people who are not poor in money" have designed an expensive "luxury medical examination package" according to their own requirements, and in fact it is impossible to include all kinds of examination items in the hospital. Therefore, in theory, it is impossible for physical examination to "exhaust all items", and there will always be some early lesions that will be missed. Some people only check a few small items, and they are not necessarily targeted. Therefore, some early lesions have failed to be detected.

　　Tips: Optimize physical examination items to improve inspection efficiency.

　　So, how to improve the effect of physical examination more pertinently?

　　"In fact, the physical examination is also ‘ Technical work ’ , also need to have ‘ Sense of design ’ 。” Wang Fangjun analyzed that the above-mentioned physical examination items can be regarded as the preferred basic items, and it is recommended that all the subjects can be seriously examined. In addition, some targeted projects should be optimized according to the characteristics of age, gender and occupation, so as to improve the inspection efficiency. And how to choose the best, it is suggested that we can communicate with the doctor appropriately and design the best physical examination plan with the help of the doctor.

　　For example, he said that people over the age of 40 should appropriately increase items such as bladder, prostate, uterus and accessories when doing basic B-ultrasound (liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidney, thyroid, etc.) during physical examination; Women at risk of breast cancer should increase mammography and breast ultrasound; People at risk of heart disease can add items such as cardiac color Doppler ultrasound on the basis of ECG. If you are an older "smoker" or a patient with other high-risk factors of lung cancer, you should "upgrade" the chest X-ray photos to a low-dose CT examination of the chest to avoid missing the diagnosis of early lung cancer.

　　If some parts of the body are obviously uncomfortable, that is to say, some symptoms or signs have appeared, then the goal of the examination is more clear. Wang Fangjun reminded that the physical examination at this time may wish to refer to the contents of "disease examination" and ask the specialist to "tailor-made" the examination items, so as not to miss the early or even middle and late lesions.

Shenzhen CDC expert： If you get A stream, you may be infected with B stream again.

　　According to the report of the National Health and Wellness Commission, at present, influenza is still the main respiratory disease, and the proportion of influenza B virus in southern provinces has continued to rise in the past three weeks. What’s the difference between stream B and stream A? On January 15th, Shenzhen CDC experts interpreted it.

　　According to Shenzhen CDC experts, the seasonal epidemic of influenza is mainly caused by influenza A and B viruses. There is little difference between the symptoms of influenza A and influenza B, so it is difficult to distinguish them according to the symptoms. It is still necessary to go to the hospital and cooperate with tests to diagnose them. Whether it’s A stream or B stream, their main manifestations are systemic symptoms, such as fever and muscle aches all over, while respiratory symptoms such as runny nose and cough will be lighter. Fever is persistent, and it often burns again after taking antipyretics for a few hours.

　　Disease control experts believe that this epidemic season has been infected with influenza A, and it is also possible to be infected with influenza B. Influenza A and B are two different subtypes of influenza, and they do not have cross-immune mechanism. After getting influenza A or B, if the patient’s constitution is relatively weak, it is still possible to be infected with another subtype of influenza virus. Shenzhen disease control experts do not recommend that citizens use antibiotics without authorization when they have a fever, or they should follow the doctor’s advice and treat them.

　　How to prevent influenza? Shenzhen CDC experts said that the influenza virus is highly contagious, and people are generally susceptible. People can get flu vaccine and do personal protection. Members of the public can be vaccinated against influenza before the start of the influenza epidemic season and at any time during the epidemic period. Free flu vaccine in Shenzhen is currently provided to primary and secondary school students and elderly people aged 60 and above (elderly people require Shenzhen household registration or purchase Shenzhen medical insurance). In addition, the public should also pay attention to personal protection such as frequent hand washing, frequent ventilation, wearing a mask, and covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing to reduce the risk of infection. (Chief reporter Luo Liqiong correspondent Shen CDC)

Science popularization： five kinds of particles that ＂don’t exist＂ but can change the world

　　Particles refer to the smallest component of matter that can exist in a free state, including electrons and neutrons. The cornerstone of modern physics — — The physical standard model is essentially a "family tree" of a particle family, and its members are familiar to everyone. The Higgs boson, which finally revealed its beauty, was sought after by scientists from all walks of life as soon as it came out.

　　But there is an equally important class of particles that nobody cares about Of course, this is understandable, because these "quasi-particles" do not really exist, but their unique physical properties are enough to change modern science and technology. In a recent report, the British magazine New Scientist listed five quasi-particles that "don’t exist" but can change the face of the world.

　　Phonon: electric cowboy

　　In 2012, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN discovered the Higgs boson, which is the mass source of other particles. So far, all 62 kinds of elementary particles have been discovered, and the standard model of particle physics has been perfected.

　　But without phonon, all this would not have happened.

　　The concept of phonon is developed in the process of studying lattice vibration. Li Baowen, director of the Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science of Tongji University, once explained that phonons are not real particles, but quasi-particles, which are quantized lattice vibrations. It is called a phonon because the essence of "sound" is the "vibration" of an object. In fact, the Greek word for phonon means sound.

　　The name phonon was first put forward by Igor Tamm, a physicist in the former Soviet Union, in 1932. He pointed out that just as light corresponds to electrons, sound waves can be associated with some particles we call "phonons". In solids, especially in semiconductors and insulators, "heat" is conducted through lattice vibration, that is, "phonons" are carriers of heat.

　　At room temperature, phonons are quasi-particles, and the heat conduction of solid materials is mainly realized by phonons. But at extremely low temperature, these quasi-particles "incarnate" into a group of "cowboys", driving away the "cattle" composed of electrons. These electrons act uniformly, and their resistance is almost zero, which is the principle of low temperature superconductivity.

　　It is the huge electromagnetic field created by superconducting magnets that makes protons bend in the large circular orbit of LHC. In the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner, these superconducting magnets "transform" as a command, guiding oxygen atoms in human tissues to "dance" and releasing traceable radio signals. In addition, phonons also play an important role in the field of thermoelectric materials. These thermoelectric materials can convert thermal energy into electrical energy, and it is also expected to realize scientists’ dream of reusing waste heat from automobile engines to supply power for electronic products.

　　Magneton: the king of spin

　　Since Tam put forward the concept of "phonon", scientists have gradually found many such quasi-particles in solids. Another such particle originates from spin, a quantum property that is the basis of magnetism. Spin is like an arrow on an atom, pointing south or north; When all spins in matter are aligned, a magnetic field appears. However, when this spin state is constantly reversed, a wave effect is created, which scientists call "magnon".

　　Ordinary computers and smart phones need electricity to store information, but the information of equipment power failure cannot be obtained. If a magnon is used, the information storage will depend entirely on the magnetic field without electricity, which is called Spintronics. The advantage of this method is that it consumes little power — — Excessive power consumption is one of the main problems encountered in miniaturization of transistor chips. If the magnetic oscillator is controlled by electromagnetic waves, the computer can completely get rid of the shackles of wires and electricity.

　　Exciton: the secret weapon of plants

　　The earth gets more energy from the sun in an hour than all mankind consumes in a year. Plants play the role of energy catchers, and excitons are the "secret weapons" for plants to perform this task.

　　In any substance, electrons exist in different energy levels. When a photon strikes the surface of an object, it will excite electrons to a higher energy level, leaving a hole. Electrons are negatively charged and holes are positively charged. Under certain conditions, the Coulomb attraction between them will bind them together in space, so the complex formed is called excitons.

　　The leaves of plants contain light-trapping proteins, and the electrons in the light-trapping proteins will be excited to absorb photons and leave their positions, leaving a hole, electrons — Excitons formed by hole pairs will float around the photosynthesis production line of plants.

　　When excitons arrive at specific positions where they are needed, electrons recombine with holes and release energy, which plants use to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen.

　　This photosynthesis is the root of life on earth, and human beings have been looking forward to simulating this reaction in solar cells. In 2013, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology found a way to "photograph" excitons directly, which took a key step towards the ultimate goal.

　　According to the online edition of Science magazine in 2009, Leonid Butov, a physics professor at the University of California, San Diego, and his colleagues have made several transistors based on excitons. These transistors are expected to become the basic modules of new computers, and the circuits assembled by them will become the first computing device using excitons in the world.

　　Mayorana Fermion: Quantum Hero

　　If you want to have a real multi-process computer, you can turn to a quantum computer for help. The quantum computer, which is still in its infancy, makes use of subtle and uncertain quantum states and can give multiple solutions to the same problem at the same time. As long as the external environment does not disturb the "magic" of the quantum computer, it can run stably.

　　Majorana quasiparticles can provide "qubits" for quantum operations, which makes quantum computers more powerful.

　　The information in an ordinary computer is stored in "bits", and each bit is coded as 0 or 1; Information bits in a quantum computer can exist as 0 and 1 at the same time, but this superposition state is very fragile. For this reason, physicists have been looking for ways to make qubits more stable.

　　In 1930s, Italian theoretical physicist ettore majorana predicted that there must be a particle, which is the same as its antiparticle. The concept of "majorana particle" was born. It has no mass and no charge. It is its own antiparticle and always appears in pairs. Because of its special properties, majorana particles are electrically neutral and rarely interact with the environment, so it becomes an ideal carrier for quantum information coding.

　　Since majorana particles always appear in pairs, which means that there are two copies of the information they contain, theoretically speaking, majorana qubits are more tolerant to external noise. However, according to Attila Geresdi of QuTech Institute in the Netherlands, these qubits exist in the background of huge electronic effects, and it is very tricky to extract the information of majorana quasiparticles.

　　In June this year, the research team of Jia Jinfeng of Shanghai Jiaotong University wrote in the Physical Review Express that they had successfully captured the Mayorana fermion in the laboratory through a special artificial film composed of topological insulator materials and superconductor materials, which not only contributed to the development of quantum computers, but also helped to further uncover the mystery of dark matter.

　　Wilfermion: Double-faced Jiaowa

　　"Weyl fermions" are like shy "cousins" of electrons. In 1929, the German scientist H. Weyl proposed that there is a kind of electron with no "mass" and can be divided into two different "chirality" of left-handed and right-handed, and this electron is called "Wilfermion".

　　The fermion has two key characteristics: massless and chiral. The lack of mass means that it can move at high speed, and at the same time, it is extremely resistant to interference that is inconsistent with its chirality, which makes it difficult to scatter: two different types of fermion streams can be close together without interaction. It has been suggested that these properties can make it the basis of computers beyond spintronics computing power.

　　However, for more than 80 years, scientists have not observed the fermion in the experiment, and the semi-metallic materials with the characteristics of fermion have only recently appeared. On July 16, last year, Science magazine published the experimental results of the team of physicist Zaid Hassan of Princeton University. The team announced that they found "Waier Fermion" in "Waier Semimetal"; On July 20th, official website, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, announced that the research team led by Fang Zhong, a researcher from the Institute, had successfully discovered the Verfermion in TaAs crystal for the first time. Therefore, the era of "Weyl Weyltronics" has appeared on the horizon, but there is still a long way to go.

年度归档 2025年4月17日